reversed definitions ch 15

decorticate rage

Intense apparent emotion produced by removal of the cortex in dogs

physiological arousal

general name for the visceral state of preparedness that often accompanies strong emotion

cell-mediated immunity

type of immunity provided by T lymphocytes

amygdala

temporal lobe structure that has been strongly implicated in emotional functions, especially fear

type A behavior

behavioral pattern (or personality characteristics) involving increased competitiveness, hostility, hurried pace

stress immunisation

phenomenon in which a little stress early in life (in rats) can provide protection from many sorts of stress later in life

universality hypothesis of facial expression

Hypothesis that argues that certain facial expressions serve a common communicative function across all human societies

peptic ulcer

a breakdown of the wall of the intestine, often as a result of stress

dyscontrol syndrome

Controversial hypothesis that argues that many cases of extreme aggression may be attributable to abnormalities of the temporal lobes

approach and withdrawal processes

The basic social processes that are hypothesized to depend on the left and right frontal regions, respectively

brain self-stimulation

Phenomenon in which animals may be trained to perform a particular response in order to receive an electrical stimulation of the brain

paralinguistic function

"Fancy" name for the communicative (but nonverbal) function served by facial expression

grimace, tense mouth, play face

The three major facial expressions that have been observed in nonhuman primates, which may correspond to fear, anger, and happiness, respectively

humoral immunity

the form of immunity, mediated by antibodies, that is provided by B lymphocytes

5-hydroxindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)

the major metabolite of serotonin; may be assayed in cerebrospinal fluid

alarm reaction, adaptation stage, exhaustion phase

the three stages of the 'general adaptation syndrome'

hostility, social isolation

Two personality variables that recent workers have proposed to predispose individuals to heart disease (as opposed to the classic Type A/Type B dichotomy)

hydrochloric acid

the chemical name of the type of acid produced by the stomach

immunosuppression

general term for the process of reducing immune reactivity, or generally impairing immune function

digitalis

drug that causes heart arrhythmia

superficial facial musculature

Class of muscles of the face that produce the majority of facial expressions

Papez's circuit of emotion

Group of limbic system structures that may be centrally important in emotions

deep facial musculature

Class of muscles of the face that move skeletal parts

fear conditioning

type of experimental procedure in which a neutral stimulus and a noxious stimulus are paired, resulting (eventually) in a fearful reaction to the previously-neutral stimulus when it is presented by itself

cyproterone acetate

Drug that blocks androgen receptors, resulting in "chemical castration"

facial and trigeminal nerves

The two cranial nerves that innervate the muscles of the face

polygraph

device that measures numerous parameters of autonomic arousal (popularly known as a 'lie detector')

psychosomatic medicine

Field of study that proposed that specific physiological disorders were attributable to specific personality features (eg. ulcers as a manifestation of oral dependency)

gastric ulcer

breakdown of the wall of the stomach (often due to stress)

individual response stereotypy

Name for the unique combination of visceral responses to emotional situations that each person shows throughout his or her life (sort of like an emotional "fingerprint")

type B behavior

behavioral pattern (or personality characteristics) involving decreased competitiveness, slower, more 'low-key' lifestyle

interferon and interleukins

Substances other than antibodies produced by the immune system

nitric oxide

type of gas neurotransmitter that may be involved in aggression

psychoneuroimmunology

name of the field of study concerned with neural regulation of the immune system and the importance of psychological variables in this process

medial forebrain bundle

Large fiber tract running from the midbrain to the hypothalamus, which contains many sites that support brain self-stimulation

high reactive

Term used to describe an infant that shows an unusually vigorous response to stressful stimuli; susceptibility to stressors lasts into later life in such individuals

Klüver-Bucy Syndrome

Name for a constellation of symptoms that emerge when both temporal lobes (especially the amygdala) have been damaged; symptoms include hyperorality, hypersexuality, and tameness