jcl csk roman history late republic

What king of Numidia waged war with Rome from 111-104 BC?

Jugurtha

What war did the Romans fight from 111-104 BC?

Jugurthine War

What were the years of the Jugurthine War?

111-104 BC

Who was the famous grandfather of Jugurtha?

Massinissa

What Numidian king fought for Scipio Aemilianus at Numantia?

Jugurtha

Where did Jugurtha fight alongside the Romans led by Scipio Aemilianus?

Numantia

What father-in-law of Jugurtha betrayed him by handing him over to the Romans in 104 BC?

Bocchus

What king of Mauretania betrayed Jugurtha by handing him over to the Romans in 104 BC?

Bocchus

To what Roman general did Bocchus hand over Jugurtha?

Sulla

What subordinate of Marius received Jugurtha from Bocchus?

Sulla

Which Roman became consul an unprecedented 7 times?

Marius

How many times did Marius serve as consul?

7

In what year did Marius hold his first consulship?

107 BC

In what year did Marius hold his last consulship?

86 BC

What small town was Marius from?

Arpinum

What novus homo from Arpinum became consul seven times?

Marius

Who was the famous nephew of Marius?

Julius Caesar

Which political party appealed to popular interests in Rome?

Populares

Which political party appealed to the interests of the Senate and aristocracy?

Optimates

What chief leader of the Populares was famous for accepting soldiers whether or not they met property qualifications?

Marius

Whose military reforms included the reorganization of the Roman legion?

Marius

At what battle in 105 BC did the Cimbri & Teutones defeat a Roman army?

Arausio

What two Gallic tribes defeated a Roman army at Arausio in 105 BC?

Cimbri & Teutones

In what year did the Cimbri & Teutones defeat the Romans at Arausio?

105 BC

At what battle in 102 BC did Marius defeat the Teutones?

Aquae Sextiae

Who defeated the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae in 102 BC?

Marius

In what year did Marius defeat the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae?

102 BC

At what battle in 101 BC did Marius defeat the Cimbri?

Vercellae

Who defeated the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 BC?

Marius

In what year did Marius defeat the Cimbri at Vercellae?

101 BC

What tribune of 100 BC, who supported Marius, was pelted to death with roof tiles from the Curia?

Saturninus

What happened to the tribune Saturninus who was a supporter of Marius?

pelted to death with roof tiles

To whom did Marius lose a struggle for supremacy in Rome?

Sulla

Who did Sulla defeat in a struggle for supremacy in Rome?

Marius

In what year did Marius die during his seventh consulship?

86 BC

Who contended with Marius for the command in the fight against Mithridates VI?

Sulla

Who was the first Roman general ever to lead a Roman army to occupy Rome itself?

Sulla

Why did Sulla lead an army to occupy Rome?

to make sure command against Mithridates VI was not transferred to Marius

What is a proscription list?

a list of enemies to be executed without trial

As dictator in 82 BC who set up the first proscription list?

Sulla

In what year did Sulla become dictator for life?

82 BC

Who was Sulla's leading general?

Pompey

About whom did Sulla remark "I see in him many a Marius" when he met him as a teenager?

Julius Caesar

What did Sulla remark when he met Julius Caesar as a teenager?

I see in him many a Marius

What tribune of 91 BC was killed for trying to promote citizenship for the Latin allies?

Livius Drusus the Younger

Why was the tribune Livius Drusus the Younger killed in 91 BC?

tried to promote citizenship for Latin allies

The assassination of what tribune in 91 BC sparked the Social War?

Livius Drusus the Younger

What war did the Romans fight from 91-88 BC?

Social War

Against whom did Rome fight the Social War?

her Latin allies

What Samnite general was one of Rome's main antagonists during the Social War?

Mutilus

During what war did Mutilus lead the Samnites against the Romans?

Social War

What law of 90 BC extended many rights to the Latin allies and helped end the Social War?

Lex Julia

In what year did the Lex Julua extend many rights the the Latin allies and help end the Social War?

90 BC

What veteran of Marius fled to Spain and led a resistance agaunst the Sullan government from 82-73 BC?

Sertorius

From 82-73 BC who led a resistance against the Sullan government in Spain?

Sertorius

Who was assassinated by his subordinate Perperna after being hunted down by Pompey?

Sertorius

What subordinate of Sertorius assassinated him?

Perperna

What ruler of Pontus fought three wars intending to overthrow Roman influence in the Eastern Mediterranean?

Mithridates VI

In what year did Mithridates VI die?

63 BC

What Roman general campaigned against Mithridates for 8 years before his army mutinied?

Lucullus

When Lucullus' army mutinied, who received command against Mithridates VI?

Pompey

Who brought the cherry tree from the East to Italy?

Lucullus

What type of tree did Lucullus bring from the East to Italy?

cherry tree

What slave in a Capua gladiatorial school led a slave revolt against Rome from 73-71 BC?

Spartacus

In what city did Spartacus spark a slave rebellion against Rome?

Capua

Who put down the rebellion of Spartacus?

Crassus

Whose rebellion was put down by Crassus?

Spartacus

Who crucified 6000 slaves along the Via Appia after the rebellion of Spartacus?

Pompey

How many slaves did Pompey crucify along the Via Appia after the rebellion of Spartacus?

6000

What Roman, the wealthiest of his day, joined Pompey and Caesar in the First Triumvirate?

Crassus

Who were the members of the First Triumvirate?

Pompey, Caesar & Crassus

In what year was the First Triumvirate formed as de facto rulers of Rome?

60 BC

Which triumvir was killed fighting the the Parthians at Carrhae in 53 BC?

Crassus

In what year was Crassus killed at Carrhae while fighting the Parthians?

53 BC

What Parthian general defeated and killed Crassus?

Surenas

Where did Surenas defeat and kill the triumvir Crassus in 53 BC?

Carrhae

Who hunted down the pirates harrassing the Mediterranean in only 3 months?

Pompey

How long did it take Pompey to hunt down the pirates harrassing the Mediterranean?

3 months

In what two years did Pompey and Crassus share the consulship?

70 BC & 55 BC

Which two men shared the consulship in 70 BC and 55 BC?

Pompey & Crassus

Who built Rome's first permanent theater in 55 BC?

Pompey

In what year did Pompey build Rome's permanent theater?

55 BC

What was Rome's first permanent theater?

Theater of Pompey

Who was Rome's sole consul in 52 BC?

Pompey

In what year did Pompey serve as Rome's only consul?

52 BC

Which political party was Sulla a member of?

Optimates

Which political party was Caesar a member of?

Populares

At what battle in 48 BC was Pompey defeated by Caesar and killed after fleeing to Egypt?

Pharsalus

Who was defeated at the Pharsalus by Caesar in 48 BC?

Pompey

What novus homo was born at Arpinum in 106 BC?

Cicero

Who was the most famous Roman orator?

Cicero

What was Cicero's full name?

Marcus Tullius Cicero

In what year did Cicero become consul?

63 BC

What novus homo from Arpinum became consul in 63 BC?

Cicero

What does "Cicero" mean?

chickpea

During his consulship, whose conspiracy against Rome did Cicero stop?

Catiline

Who stopped the Catilinarian conspiracy during his consulship in 63 BC?

Cicero

After the execution of the Catilinarian conspirators who remarked "vixerunt"?

Cicero

What did Cicero remark after the Catilinarian conspirators were executed?

Vixerunt ("they have lived")

What tribune had Cicero exiled for executing the Catilinarian conspirators without a trial?

Clodius Pulcher