World History II: Slavery

slave

a person who is forced to work for and obey another person and is considered to be their property

slavery

the state of being a slave

serf

an agricultural  laborer bound , under the feudal system, to work on their lord’s estate

chattel slavery

a brutal system where people were treated as personal property (chattel), bought, sold, inherited, and exploited for labor, with enslaved individuals and their children held in bondage permanently. This system, central to the atlantic slave trade and american colonization, dehumanised people, stripped them of right, and allowed owners total control over their lives, often forcibly separation families

bond slavery

debt slave, is someone forced to work to pay off a debt, where labor’s value is often undervalued, making debt impossible to repay and trapping the individual, their family, or even generations in servitude

forced labor slavery

All work or service which is exacted from any person under the threat of a penalty and for which the person has not offered himself or herself voluntarily Almost all types of slavery involved one type of forced labor

sexual slavery

In which an individual is forced into sexual activity or sexual servitude through the use of force, fraud, or coercion The perpetrators exercise powers of ownership over the victim, severely limiting their autonomy, freedom of movement, and ability to consent to sexual activity.

serfdom

the state of being a serf or feudal laborer

the Atlantic Slave trade

A 3-legged international trade network of trade routes linking europe, africa, and the americas

1st leg of the Atlantic Slave trade

ships from europe brought goods to trade for slaves

2nd leg of the Atlantic Slave trade

slaves were transported to the Americas. This involved slave merchant ships being crammed with slaves across the Atlantic ocean. Often called “floating coffins” due to deaths that occurred on the journey. Disease starvation, fatal injuries during storms, and murder were common

3rd leg or the Atlantic Slave trade

goods from america were shipped to europe

plantations

large estates run by an owner or an owners overseer

mutinies

a revolt

alfonso I

(1505, in kongo today): appealed to the portuguese and fellow African tribes to end slavery; yet his appeal failed

almany of futa toro

(1788, in Senegal today): created a law that forbade slaves being transported in his land; failed as tribes worked to travel around the route

asante kingdom

located in modern day ghana. Led by Osei Tutu, who through conquest, unified neighboring tribes to form the Asante Kingdom. The Asante traders slaves with the Portuguese on the western Africa for goods, including firearms to propel a stronger kingdom in Africa.

Osei Tutu

founder and first ruler of the Asante empire in present-day Ghana

oyo empire

Yoruba people formed this state in present-day southwestern Nigeria in the 1600s. This empire used wealth from trade, including slave trading, to maintain a trained army and to eventually conquer the neighboring Dahomey kingdom. The Yoruba people then traded with European merchants from Dahomey’s ports.

monopoly

the exclusive control of a business or industry

abolition

the act of officially ending or stopping something

abraham lincoln

the 16th U.S. President (1861–1865), leading the nation through the Civil War to preserve the Union and abolish slavery.

13th amendment

officially banned slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States

%: Destinations of Enslaved Africans

• 95% to caribbean and south america

• 4% to north america

• 1% to europe

• Approximately, 2 million dies via transport

columbian exchange

the global exchange of goods, ideas, plants and animals, and disease that began with Columbus’s journey to the Americas

capitalism

economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit

tarriff

tax on imported goods

inflation

economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available

entrepreneur

person who assumes financial risk in the hope of making a profit

commercial revolution

period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism that lasted from the late 11th century into the early 18th century.

price revolution

series of economic events that occurred between the second half of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th century.

mercantilism

policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its supply of gold and silver

free Enterprise system

An economic system, also known as capitalism, in which private businesses are able to compete with each other with little control by government.

1. Causes of Atlantic Slave Trade?

The causes of the Atlantic slave trade were the labor shortages in America, the triangular trade system, and the result of economic profit. 

1. Ways so many enslaved Africans die during the Middle Passage?

Slave ships were often called “floating coffins” due to deaths that occurred on the journey. Disease, starvation, fatal injuries during storms, and murder were common. Disease was incredibly common because of how tightly packed the slaves were in the ship. 

Discuss the effects of the Columbian Exchange?

1. Commercial revolution

2. Inflation

3. Price revolution

4. Capitalism

5. Free enterprise system

6. Entrepreneurship

7. New business methods

8. Mercantilism

9. tariffs

globalization

the process by which business or other organizations develop international influence or start operation on an international scale