aphg 3.1-3.2

Culture

Culture

All of a group's learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects.

Cultural Traits

Invisible and visible elements that are learned and developed through experiences.

Cultural Complex

A series of interrelated traits, such as the process of steps, and acceptable behaviors related to greeting a person in different cultures.

Culture Hearths

The area in which a unique culture or a specific trait develops.

Diffuse

Spread

Taboos

Behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture.

Traditional Culture

A term used to encompass all three cultural designations (traditional, folk, and indigenous).

Folk Cultures

The beliefs and practices of small, homogeneous groups of people, often living in rural areas that are relatively isolated and slow to change.

Indigenous Culture

When members of an ethnic group reside in their ancestral lands and typically possess unique cultural traits, such as speaking their own exclusive language.

Globalization

The increased integration of the world economy since the 1970s.

Popular Culture

When cultural traits - such as clothing, music, movies, and types of businesses - spread quickly over a large area and are adopted by various groups.

Global Culture

Elements quickly adopted worldwide.

Cultural Landscape (Built Environment)

The modification of the environment by a group and is a visible reflection of that group's cultural beliefs and values.

Artifacts

Comprises the material culture.

Ex.: a song, a sport, an architectural style, etc.

Material Culture

Tangible things that can be experienced by the senses, such as art, food, music, sports, and housing types.

Mentifacts

Comprises a group's non-material culture.

Ex.: a belief, a religion, etc.

Nonmaterial Culture

Intangible concepts that don't have a physical presence such as beliefs, values, practices, and aesthetic.

Sociofacts

The ways people organize their society and relate to one another.

Placelessness

A phenomenon in which many modern cultural landscapes exhibit a great deal of homogeneity.

Cultural Landscape

The visible reflection of a culture, or the built environment.

Built Environment

The physical artifacts that humans have created and that form part of the landscape.

Traditional Architecture

A style that reflects a local culture's history, beliefs, values, and community adaptations to the environment, and typically utilizes locally available materials.

Postmodern Architecture

A movement after the 1960s away from the boxy, mostly concrete or brick structures toward high-rise structures made from large amounts of steel and glass sliding.

Contemporary Architecture

A style that developed during the 21st-century that uses multiple advances to create buildings that rotate, curve, and stretch the limits of size and height.

Ethnicity

Membership within a group of people who have common experiences and share similar characteristics such as ancestry, language, customs and history.

Ethnic Claves

Clusters of people of the same culture

Cultural Regions

Determined based on characteristics such as religion, language, and ethnicity.

Cultural Realms

Larger areas that include several regions.

Sacred Place

Specific places and natural features that have religious significance.

Diaspora

When one group of people is dispersed to several locations.

Charter Group

The first group to establish cultural and religious customs in a space.

Ethnic Islands

Ethnic concentrations.

Sequent Occupancy

A process where ethnic groups move in and out of neighborhoods and create new cultural imprints on the landscape.

Neolocalism

The process of re-embracing the uniqueness and authenticity of a place.