Introduction to IGCSE Biology (Edexcel 4BI1)

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary terms and definitions relevant to the IGCSE Biology course. Understanding these terms is essential for mastering concepts in biology.

IGCSE

International General Certificate of Secondary Education, a globally recognized qualification.

Biology

The study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.

MRS C GREN

A mnemonic used to remember the eight basic life processes: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Control, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition.

Eukaryotes

Organisms with complex cells that contain a nucleus and organelles enclosed within membranes.

Homeostasis

The process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment.

Excretion

The removal of waste products from bodily processes.

Diffusion

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without using energy.

Active Transport

The movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy.

Osmosis

The movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration through a partially permeable membrane.

Enzyme

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Glucose Test

A test using Benedict’s solution to detect the presence of glucose in food.

Plasmolysis

The process where the cytoplasm pulls away from the cell wall due to loss of water.

Turgid

A cell that is swollen and firm as a result of water uptake.

Sieve Plates

Structures in phloem cells that allow the flow of sugars between cells.

Chloroplasts

Organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

Genetic Material

Molecules such as DNA that carry the information necessary for an organism's growth, development, and reproduction.

Cell Membrane

The biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the external environment.