Chapter 9: How Can We Manage Intercultural Conflict Flexibly? (copy)

What is intercultural conflict?

An implicit or explicit emotional struggle between persons of different cultures over perceived incompatible goals, values, norms, or resources.

What factors contribute to cultural background in intercultural conflict?

Cultural Value Patterns that color conflict attitudes, expectations, and behaviors.

Define high context communication.

A style where communication is indirect and relies heavily on contextual cues.

What is the relationship lens in intercultural conflict?

A perspective focusing on maintaining relationships and feelings over content.

What characterizes low context communication?

A style that is direct, assertive, and clear in conveying messages.

What does small power distance imply?

An expectation of equal treatment regardless of differences in status or rank.

List the main intercultural conflict managerial styles.

Dominating, Integrating, Compromising, Obliging, and Avoiding.

What is dominating style in intercultural conflict?

A competitive win-lose approach that uses aggressive and intimidating tactics.

Describe the integrating style of intercultural conflict management.

A collaborative win-win approach focused on mutual interests and solutions.

What does the compromising style entail?

A give-and-take concession approach to reach a midpoint agreement.

Define obliging style in conflict management.

A lose-win approach where high concern for the other party's interest is prioritized.

What is face-negotiation theory?

A theory focused on the concern for social self-image and the consideration of others' self-images in conflict situations.

What is face-work?

Behaviors used to maintain or uplift one's social image or that of others during conflict.

What are self-face concerns?

Concerns regarding one's own image when it is threatened.

Define mutual-face concerns in intercultural conflict.

Concerns for both parties’ images and the collective identity.

What is the primary orientation of African American conflict style?

Collectivism and large power distance with an assertive approach.

Describe the communication style of Latino/a(x) Americans in conflict.

It is characterized by tactfulness, consideration of others' feelings, and emotionally expressive styles.

What strategies do European Americans prefer during conflicts?

Solution-based strategies that compartmentalize socio-emotional issues from task-based issues.

What influences Asian American conflict styles?

Confucianism and the values of collective face-saving.

How do Indigenous Americans typically express conflict?

With verbal restraint and an emphasis on mutual-face sensitivity in disputes.

What is a characteristic of developing intercultural conflict competence?

Effective face-work management involving self, other, and mutual-face considerations.

Define cultural empathy in conflict management.

The ability to understand and share the feelings of individuals from different cultures.

What does mindful listening involve?

Consideration of the partner’s perspective, including paraphrasing and perception checking.

Explain the technique of mindful reframing.

Shifting focus to the 'big picture' in a conflict situation.

What is adaptive code-switching?

Modification of behavior to accommodate different cultural conflict norms.

Why is intercultural conflict inevitable?

Because of diverse cultural backgrounds and perspectives among individuals.

What can rigid conflict styles lead to?

Continued polarization of the conflict situation.

How do individualists typically view conflicts?

With a content lens focusing on tangible outcomes and often a win-lose mentality.

What is a common face concern for collectivists?

Mutual-face interests and preserving in-group harmony.

What might trigger a compromising approach in African Americans?

Strong identification with macro-U.S. culture.

How does the conflict style of European Americans differ from others?

They tend to show more emotional restraint and view conflicts as individual acts.

What role does 'silence' play in Asian American conflict styles?

It is used as a powerful high-context communication style.

How do Indigenous Americans approach conflict resolution?

By seeking third-party help from elders and practicing silence.

Identify one key characteristic of the conflict management styles.

Styles can be influenced by cultural values, community expectations, and power dynamics.

What is a significant difference between collectivist and individualist perspectives on conflict?

Collectivists prioritize mutual-face and relationship preservation, while individualists focus on self-interest.

What is the nature of face concerns in conflict for communal groups?

They are sensitive to in-group and out-group face expectations.

Which conflict style is often viewed negatively by collectivists?

Obliging, as it may not adequately honor personal or mutual face.

What might be a response of an Asian American who identifies strongly with U.S. culture during a conflict?

They are likely to adopt an integrative win-win style.

What strategies can enhance intercultural communication skills during conflicts?

Mindful listening, cultural empathy, and adaptive code-switching.

How are conflicts perceived within power imbalanced societies?

Conflicts may trigger assertive styles to uphold dignity and self-respect.

What is face-saving and why is it important in intercultural conflicts?

It is crucial for maintaining social self-image and harmony in diverse cultural interactions.

What are the different types of face concerns in intercultural conflict?

Self-face concerns, mutual-face concerns, and other-face concerns.

Define self-face concerns in intercultural contexts.

Concerns regarding one's own image when it is threatened or challenged.

What are mutual-face concerns in conflict management?

Concerns for both parties’ images and the collective identity.

Describe other-face concerns in intercultural conflicts.

Concerns focused on maintaining the image of the other party involved in the conflict.

How do face concerns influence conflict resolution styles?

They shape individuals' approaches to managing conflicts based on their prioritization of self, mutual, or other-face preservation.