Classes and Types of Matter

Flashcards based on key concepts from Chemistry Unit 5, focusing on the classification of matter and types of mixtures.

Classification of matter

The systematic arrangement of matter based on different criteria such as composition and properties.

Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system; it can only change forms.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances where each retains its own properties.

Homogeneous mixture

A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout (e.g., saltwater).

Heterogeneous mixture

A mixture in which the components are not uniformly distributed (e.g., salad).

Colloid

A mixture in which one substance is dispersed evenly throughout another substance, with particles that do not settle out.

Aerosol

A colloid of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in gas.

Foam

A colloid in which gas is dispersed in liquid.

Emulsion

A colloid of two immiscible liquids where one liquid contains a dispersion of the other.

Sol

A colloid in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid.

Gel

A colloid in which liquid is dispersed in a solid.

What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll from carbon dioxide and water.

What is cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll is the pigment that allows plants to absorb light energy from the sun, which is essential for photosynthesis.

What are ecosystems composed of?

Ecosystems are composed of living organisms (biotic) and their physical environment (abiotic), interacting as a system.

What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, encompassing species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

What is the water cycle?

The water cycle is the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere, involving processes like evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

What is the importance of the nitrogen cycle?

The nitrogen cycle is vital for converting nitrogen in the atmosphere into forms usable by living organisms, thereby sustaining life by recycling nutrients.