Chapter 30 - World War II

Japan

________ attacked US naval base @ Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

Dictators

Gave patriotic speeches

1937

FDR

Hitler

Kill Jews + Slavs

Isolationist stance

Neutrality Acts

1939

"Cash and carry"

WWII

Pacific Theater

WWII

Chief of staff

Cold War

Marshall Plan

Turning point

Allies vs. Japan

Operation Overlord

Allied forces land on beaches → Established beachhead

1945

Dropped on Hiroshima + Nagasaki → Japan surrendered

Final Solution

Hitler persecuted European Jews

Italy, Germany, Japan

Fascist regimes

WWII

Global + technical weapons

US vs. Japan

Battle of Midway + 2 atomic bombs

Fascism

A political theory advocating an authoritarian hierarchical government

Adolf Hitler

Rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then assuming the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934

The Axis Powers

A military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies

Nye Commission

Investigated the financial and banking interests that underlay the United States' involvement in World War I and the operations and profits of the industrial and commercial firms supplying munitions to the Allies and to the United States

Lend-Lease Act

Had given President Roosevelt virtually unlimited authority to direct material aid such as ammunition, tanks, airplanes, trucks, and food to the war effort in Europe without violating the nation's official position of neutrality

Pearl Harbor

A harbor on Oahu to the west of Honolulu; location of a United States naval base that was attacked by the Japanese on 7 Dec 1941

Allied Powers

An international military coalition formed during the Second World War (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers, led by Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, and Fascist Italy

Douglas MacArthur

Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s, and he played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II

War Production Board

An agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II

Rosie the Riveter

An allegorical cultural icon in the United States who represents the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies

Radar

Measuring instrument in which the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects

George C. Marshall

Rose through the United States Army to become Chief of Staff of the US Army under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, then served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman

George S. Patton

A general in the United States Army who commanded the Seventh United States Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, and the Third United States Army in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944

Battle of Midway

A major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place on 4–7 June 1942, six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea

Normandy (D-Day)

The landing operations and associated airborne operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II

Battle of Iwo Jima

A major battle in which the United States Marine Corps and United States Navy landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II

Manhattan Project

A former United States executive agency that was responsible for developing atomic bombs during World War II

United Nations

An organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security

Nuremberg Trials

Held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany, for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries, and other crimes, in World War II

Holocaust

The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime from 1941 until 1945