The Human Body: An Orientation

Flashcards covering key concepts related to the human body's structure, function, and the importance of homeostasis.

Anatomy

The study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.

Physiology

The study of the function of body parts; how they work to carry out life-sustaining activities.

Gross Anatomy

The study of large, visible structures of the body.

Microscopic Anatomy

Deals with structures too small to be seen by the naked eye, includes cytology and histology.

Cytology

The microscopic study of cells.

Histology

The microscopic study of tissues.

Developmental Anatomy

Studies anatomical and physiological development throughout life, including embryology.

Metabolism

All chemical reactions that occur in body cells, including catabolism and anabolism.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in the environment.

Negative Feedback

A control mechanism that reduces or shuts off the original stimulus.

Positive Feedback

A control mechanism that enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus.

Survival Needs

Factors necessary for life including nutrients, oxygen, water, temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

Complementarity of Structure and Function

The principle stating that function always reflects structure.

Organ System Level

A level of structural organization involving organs that work closely together.

Responsiveness

The ability to sense and respond to stimuli.

Reproduction

The process of producing offspring or new cells.

Growth

The increase in size of a body part or of an organism.