ap chem unit 13 & 16

law of mass action

[products] / [reactants]

if Keq > 1

[products] > [reactants], forward

if Keq < 1

[reactants] < [products], reverse

if Q < K

too much reactant, forward

if Q > K

too much product, reverse

Q = K

at equilibrium

when [reactant] increase

Q < K, forward

when [product] increase

Q > K, reverse

when P increase

shift to side with less moles

when P decrease

shift to side with more moles

endothermic increase in temp

forward

exothermic increase in temp

reverse

as temp increase in endothermic reaction, what happens to K

increase

as temp increase in exothermic reaction, what happens to K

decrease

effect of dilution

dilution shifts side with more aq particles

reduce volume of gas

shift to side with less moles

what Ksp is considered soluble

Ksp > 1

the bigger the Ksp

the more soluble it is

Qsp < Ksp

unsaturated, precipitation does not occur

Qsp = Ksp

saturated

Qsp > Ksp

supersaturated/precipitate abt to form, precipitation occurs