Unit 7B: Unification, Modernization, and Militarism in Japan
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39 Terms
Who was Tokugawa Ieyasu?
He was one of Hideyoshi’s lieutenants who eventually became shogun.
What was Japan’s 2.5 centuries period of peace and isolation from the rest of the world called?
Tokugawa Shogunate
What is a shogunate?
A system of government in Japan where a powerful military leader held the real power, effectively ruling the country while the emperor remained a largely ceremonial figurehead
What battle made Tokugawa Ieyasu and his son, Hideyori, shoguns?
The Battle of Sekigahara
What city did Tokugawa Ieyasu make the largest city in the world, and what is that city known as today?
Edo/Tokyo
Who destroyed Osaka Castle?
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Who was Toyotomi Hideyoshi?
He was shogun after Nobunaga
What countries did Toyotomi Hideyoshi conquer?
Korea and China, but he attempted to conquer the whole world
How did Toyotomi Hideyoshi deal with opponents?
He co-opted them instead of killing them
Who laid the institutional foundations of the modern Japanese state?
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
How did Toyotomi Hideyoshi treat samurai and daimyos?
They received many privileges
Was Toyotomi Hideyoshi paranoid?
Yes
Who became Imperial Regent and Taiko?
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
What is seppuku?
Suicide by slitting one’s stomach. It is a way to die honorably.
Who are the daimyos?
One of the great lords who were vassals of the shogun.
Who were the samurai?
Members of the warrior class of Japan
Who were the ronin?
Samurai without masters
What is the Tale of the 47 Ronin?
A famous tale often told in Japan. It is about the revenge journey of 47 ronin, who were avenging the death of their master by murdering his killer
Who was the master in the Tale of 47 Ronin?
Asano Naganori
Who killed Asano Naganor and was killed by the 47 ronin?
Kira Yoshinaka
Who was Oda Nobunaga?
He was the son of a minor lord who eventually became one of the most powerful shoguns in Japanese history
What did Oda Nobunaga discover about firearms?
Shooting firearms in a sequence is most efficient in battle
Who destroyed the Takeda clan?
Oda Nobunaga
Who befriended Jesuit missionaries?
Oda Nobunaga
How much of Japan did Oda Nobunaga take over?
One third
What religion did Oda Nobunaga hate?
Buddhism
What did Oda Nobunaga do to the Imperial Court?
He eliminated much of it
What caused Oda Nobunaga’s downfall?
One of his vassals, Akechi Mitsuhide, turned on him and had him imprisoned. Nobunaga committed seppuku
What was the first European country that went to Japan?
Portugal
What did the Japanese at first think of the Portuguese?
That they were barbarians
Who brought Christianity to Japan?
St. Francis Xavier
What did the Portuguese bring to Japan?
Inventive ideas (ships, navigation, language), firearms, Christianity, and deep-fried food
Who was Commodore Matthew Perry?
An American Commodore who opened up trade posts in Japan to gain Japanese goods and easily trade European goods.
What was the Treaty of Mahogawa?
The opening of Japanese trade posts to Europeans
What was the Meiji Restoration?
It led to enormous changes in Japan's political and social structure. During this time, Japan rapidly industrialized and it adopted Western ideas and production methods
What is a haiku?
It is an unrhythmically poetic form of 17 syllables in 3 lines of 5, 7, and 5. They were popularized by Bashé
What is kintsugi?
It is the art of repairing broken pottery. It is done by highlighting cracks with gold. It symbolizes the beauty of imperfection
What is Kabuki theater?
It is an abstract form of entertainment done by performers in extravagant make-up and costumes. These performers would dance in bizzarre ways.
What was the “Closed Door Policy”?
Japan closed their borders to block out Christian missionaries