Unit 4: World War 1 - THE WAR

Austro-Hungarian Empire

1. Established in the merger of the Austrian Empire and the kingdom of Hungary

Brest Litovsk Treaty

Territory ceded to Germany in exchange for peace that benefits Germany because whole Eastern front is done

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of Bolsheviks, a radical communist group. Was exiled in Switzerland with a slogan of “Peace, Land, Bread’ and Germany arranges his passage to Russia so Lenin will take charge and quit the war

Bolsheviks:

Rejected radical transition to communism

Western Front:

500 mile line of trenches from North Sea to switzerland

Trench Warfare (and impact on the war):

1. basically a stalemate, many died due to disease or gas, slow advancement

armistice

end of fighting

President Woodrow Wilson

president who gave a speech to congress to outline principles

Wilson’s 14 points

transparent negotiations, freedom to navigate, eliminate tariffs, reduce weapons stock, self-determination/sovereignty, form League of Nations where countries can bring their problems together and resolve things before getting to a point of war

tariff

Makes it more expensive and difficult to trade, diminishes independence and foster distrust

Treaty of Versailles

Germany’s army can’t be too big, give forgiveness (War Guilt Clause)

“War Guilt clause”

1.  Forgiveness prevents allied powers from taking revenge on Germany causing more fighting