Why did England go to war with France?

What was happening to Charles when Mary came to the throne?

Charles V was in the last desperate struggle of his part in the Habsburg- Valois War

How long had the conflict dominated European foreign policy?

More than 30 years

What happened when Charles abdicated 1555?

Philip had taken over the west and Ferdinand had taken over the east of the Habsburg Empire

What did Mary’s marriage to Philip make England in the eyes of many of her subjects?

A submissive satellite in orbit around the massive Habsburg power

What was the most obvious manifestation of this fear

Wyatt’s Rebellion

What did Mary show a genuine desire to remain at?

Peace

Who did Mary act as the mediator between?

France of the Habsburg at Gravelines in the spring of 1555

Why did physical and emotional distance grow between Philip and Mary?

Evident Mary was not going to have any children so he left England

What was the Treaty of Vaucelles Feb 1556?

Truce brokered between France and the Habsburgs

How did this treaty end Sep 1556?

Philip attacked the anti-Spanish Pope Paul IV, who was allied with France

What was England immediately under the pressure to do?

Join the war on Spain’s side

What was Mary aware of?

She was in a war against the Papacy that she earnestly wished to re-join

There was strong opposition to a war against France

What did Philip demand?

English support

Why did Philip returned to England in March?

To press his claims for funds, naval support, and troops

How many troop shad been sent to England in Jan 1557 and why?

6000- to resist the French attack

Who managed to provoke England into joining the war as Philip failed?

France

What were French openly tolerating?

Exiled English protestants

What rumours were circulating?

Henry II planned to recapture Calais

What invasion attempt did France support?

Protestant exile THomas Stafford in April 1557

What did Stafford do?

Sailed from France with French weapons and landed in Scarborough

What was the consequence to Stafford’s actions?

Arrested within 3 days

When did England declare war on France?

7th June 155

What were strengthened in case of an Auld attack?

Garrisons in Scotland

Where were troops put in stand by?

Calais Pale

Who were 7000 soldiers sent to aid?

the 70,000 Spanish and imperial troops fighting the French

What happened at the Battle of St Quentin?

Phillip defeated Henry II with minimal support from the English

What were the French facing?

Certain defeat

Why did French target Calais?

Easy compensation

How did they capture Calais?

Launched a surprise attack in mid-winter across the frozen marshes and the 2000 English troops hadn’t received winter reinforcements so stood no chance against 27,000 French troops

How long did it take to capture Calais?

3 weeks

What did English capture in there attack on Brest?

Le Conquet

What made Philip look to bring the 40 year Habsburg-Valois conflict to an end?

His success in 1557 and financial exhaustion

When did peace negotiations last?

October 1558- April 1559

What did Philip not attempt to do for England?

Recapture Calais