geography unit 3 exam

industrialization

the development of undustries in a country

population pyramid

graph that shows the age and sex composition of a population

dependency load

age groups that are not part of the workforce

lower dependency age group

0-15 years

upper dependency age group

65+ years

age group that supports the age dependencies

16-64 years

expansive pyramid

high birth rate; each age group becomes less than the one before it

stationary pyramid

narrow base, even middle, narrow top

declining pyramid

high amount of 65+

scatter distribution

common in remote regions; low population density

clustered distribution

developed in clusters with distance between each group

linear distribution

developed in a lone along a coastline, river

dispersed distribution

medium to high density settlements; grid system

factors for settlement

bodies of water, culture, employment opportunities

birth rate

number of births in a popultion per 1000 people

death rate

number of deaths in a population per 1000 people

natural increase rate

birth rate - death rate (population is increasing if number is positive, decreasing if negative)

immigration

amount of people entering a foreign country per 1000 people

emigration

amount of people leaving a country per 1000 people

net migration rate

the difference in the amount of people leaving and enter a country (immigration - emigration)

population growth rate

total natural increase and net migration throughout a one year period

life expectancy

number of year a person can expect to live based on environment & economic favtors of their region

fertility rate

average number of children per women

internet usage

a portion of households with access to high speed internet speeds

food affordability

the cost of foods, is considered unaffordable when costing more than 52% of monthly income

human development index

measures life expectancy, standard of living and education

human rights

rights and freedoms belonging to every citizen

GDP

gross domestic product; higher income families have more access to resources for better quality of life