Physics lc3
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44 Terms
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weight vs mass
Mass is a measure of how much matter there is in an object, while weight is a measure of the size of the pull of gravity on the object.
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weight =
mass x gravitational field strength
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vector
a quantity with a magnitude and a direction, such as displacement
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scalar quantity
a quantity only with magnitude
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displacement
vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"
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distance
a scalar quantity that refers to the distance between two positions
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velocity
the speed of something in a given direction.
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speed
the speed of something without a given direction
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acceleration
the change in speed or velocity of an object over a certain timea
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acceleration formula
(final velocity - initial velocity)/time
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motion equation
final velocity sq - initial velocity sq = 2 x acceleration x distance
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force equation
force = mass x acceleration
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efficiency
useful energy output / total energy input
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kinetic energy equation
KE (J)=0.5 x mass (kg) x velocity sq (m/s)
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gravitational potential energy equation
GPE (J)= mass (kg)x gravitation field strength (N/kg)x height(m)
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speed equation
distance / time
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distance time graph
the slope tells the speed
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acceleration in free fall
10 m/s/s
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velocity time graph
slope tells the acceleration while area is distance
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length on arrows that demonstrate a force
the magnitude of the force
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resultant force
the overall force on an object
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balanced force
the resultant force is 0
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unbalanced force
the resultant force is not 0
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balanced force on stationary object
object stays stationary
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balanced force on moving object
object continues constant movement
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Newton’s first law
every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force.
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centripetal force
the force acting on an object in circular motion that pulls it towards the axis of rotation
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circular motion at constant speed
a changing velocity, an acceleration
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types of centripetal force
gravity, friction, tension
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Newton’s seconds law
the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables - the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object
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Newton’s second law equation
F=ma
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acceleration
a change in velocity
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inertial mass
The ratio of force over acceleration
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Newton’s Third Law
if an object A exerts a force on object B, then object B must exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction back on object A.
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action - reaction pairs
forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction that act on different object.
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law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed
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energy stores
chemical, kinetic, elastic potential, electromagnetic, nuclear, electro static, thermal
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energy transfers
mechanically, electrically, heating, radiation
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renewable energy sources
bio-fuels, solar, wind, tidal, hydroelectric, geothermal
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why we can’t only use renewable energy
most of our systems are formed around fossil fuels, a non-renewable energy
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non renewable energy sources
fossil fuels, nuclear power
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how heat can be transferred
conduction, convection, radiation
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thermal insulation
the reduction of heat transfer by insulating objects
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thermal conductivity
the ability of a given material to conduct/transfer heat
Note 
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