Unit 6 Vocabulary: Movement of Energy in the Ecosystem

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Aerobic

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Aerobic

requiring oxygen

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Anaerobic

does not require oxygen

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ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

main energy source that cells use for most of their work

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Autotroph

organism that makes its own food

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Carbon cycle

process by which carbon moves from inorganic to organic compounds and back

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Cellular respiration

chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP

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Chemical energy

potential to perform work due to the arrangement of atoms within molecules

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Chlorophyll

pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color

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Chloroplast

organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place

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Consumer

organism that obtains food by eating

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Fermentation

cellular process of making ATP without oxygen

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Global warming

rise in Earth's average temperature

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Glycolysis

splitting in half of a glucose molecules. The first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation

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Greenhouse effect

process by which atmospheric gases trap heat close to Earth's surface and prevent it from escaping into space

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Heterotroph

organism that obtains food by eating other organisms

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Metabolism

all of a cell's chemical processes

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Mitochondria

cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs

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Photosynthesis

process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide to sugars

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Producer

organism that makes its own food and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other organisms in the ecosystem

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