Unit 6 Vocabulary: Movement of Energy in the Ecosystem

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Biology

9th

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19 Terms

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Aerobic
requiring oxygen
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Anaerobic
does not require oxygen
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ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
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Autotroph
organism that makes its own food
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Carbon cycle
process by which carbon moves from inorganic to organic compounds and back
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Cellular respiration
chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP
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Chemical energy
potential to perform work due to the arrangement of atoms within molecules
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Chlorophyll
pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color
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Chloroplast
organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place
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Consumer
organism that obtains food by eating
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Fermentation
cellular process of making ATP without oxygen
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Global warming
rise in Earth's average temperature
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Glycolysis
splitting in half of a glucose molecules. The first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation
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Greenhouse effect
process by which atmospheric gases trap heat close to Earth's surface and prevent it from escaping into space
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Heterotroph
organism that obtains food by eating other organisms
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Metabolism
all of a cell's chemical processes
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Mitochondria
cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs
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Photosynthesis
process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide to sugars
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Producer
organism that makes its own food and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other organisms in the ecosystem