Programming Languages and Techniques

These flashcards cover key concepts related to programming languages, paradigms, language translators, algorithms, control structures, and object-oriented programming.

Programming Language

A set of words, abbreviations, and symbols that enables a programmer to give instructions to a computer.

Programming Paradigm

An approach to solve problems using some programming language.

Translator

A computer program that translates programming source code into machine language.

Low-level Programming Language

A language that consists of strings of binary digits or English-like abbreviations to represent basic instructions to a computer.

Machine Language

A low-level programming language that uses binary digits (1 and 0) to represent instructions.

Assembly Language

A low-level programming language that uses English-like abbreviations (mnemonics) to represent instructions.

High-level Programming Language

A programming language that consists of a series of English-like words to represent basic instructions.

Procedural Programming

A structured approach to software development where programs are organized into procedures or functions to perform computations.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Programming that revolves around the concept of objects, which are instances of classes.

Logic Programming

A programming paradigm that uses program statements that express facts and rules about a problem within a system of formal logic.

Compiler

A translator that translates entire high-level programming source code into machine language.

Interpreter

A translator that translates high-level programming source code into machine language one line at a time.

Assembler

A translator that translates source code in assembly language to machine language.

Algorithm

A precise sequence of steps to solve a problem.

Pseudocode

An informal, English-like language used to describe the steps in an algorithm.

Flowchart

A graphical representation of an algorithm that shows the flow of statement execution using shapes and arrows.

Control Structure

A programming construct that dictates the flow of control in a program.

Sequence Control Structure

A series of actions that are executed in the order they are written.

Selection Control Structure

A control structure that performs actions based on certain conditions.

Repetition Control Structure

Specifies a block of statements that are executed repeatedly until a condition is satisfied.

Class (OOP)

A blueprint or template that defines the structure and behavior of one or more objects.

Object (OOP)

An entity that has both state and behavior, created from a class.

Method (OOP)

A collection of statements that perform specific tasks and can be reused.