microbiology exam 1 part 1

hydration

attraction of ions from a cyrtal into sphere of water molecules

hydrophilic

molecules like salts or sugar that attract water to their surface

hydrophobic

nonpolar molecules such as benzene that can repel water

amphipathic

3rd class molecules which indicate phospholipids in cell membrane and have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties

biochemistry

study of organic compounds produce by living things

Monosaccharide

• The simplest unit of a carbohydrate

  • It is a simple sugar.

  • typically has 3 to 7 carbon molecules

lactose

disaccharide commonly found in milk

fructose

monosaccharide found in fruit sugar

sucrose

common table sugar, disaccharide

lipid

type of molecule such as cholesterol or triglyceride that is not soluble on polar solvent such as water but will dissolve in nonpolar solvents

lipids molecule

• phopholipds, steroids, triglycerides and waxes

triglycerides

lipid important storage

proteins

predominant organic macromolecules in cells that are responsible for structure, behavior, and unique qualities of each living thing

fatty acids

Long hydrocarbon molecules with a carboxyl group at one end

cell

fundamental units of life

Why was the Ziehl-Neelson staining method developed

Ziehl-Neelson staining method was developed to differentiate and detect mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is the causative agents of tuberculosis, from other microorganisms, 

List two kinds (list their genus names) of bacteria that produce endospores.

Bacillus and clostridium. Bacillus species are aerobic (require oxygen)  and clostridium species are anaerobic (thrive in oxygen free environments).