past paper
an examination paper from a previous year or previous years
composition
could be just 50–100 words, often used for school work
essay
longer than a composition, more serious, hundreds or thousands of words
assignment
a long essay, often part of a course, usually thousands of words
project
like an assignment, but emphasis on student’s own material and topic
portfolio
a collection of individual pieces of work; may include drawings and other examples of creative work as well as writing
dissertation
a long, research-based work, perhaps 10–15,000 words, for a degree or diploma
thesis
a very long, original, research-based work, perhaps 80–100,000 words, for a higher degree (e.g. PhD)
inter-library loan
league table
lists of schools or colleges, from the best down to the worst, based on exam results and, sometimes, other criteria
two-tier system
a system with two separate levels, one of which is better than the other
scholarship
money given to pay for studies, usually provided on the basis of academic merit
bursary
money given to pay for studies, usually provided on the basis of need
the three Rs
reading, writing and arithmetic
opening
[countable] a job that is available = vacancy
[countable] a good opportunity for somebody
Winning the competition was the opening she needed for her career.
[countable] part of a piece of clothing that is made to open and close so that it can be put on easily
The skirt has a side opening.
benefits package
things such as medical insurance that employees receive in addition to money
cover letter
(also called a covering letter)
customer-facing
Customer-facing staff or jobs deal directly with people buying a product or using a service
team player
a person who plays or works well as a member of a team or group
trial run
a practical test of something new or unknown to discover its effectiveness
line manager
1. the person who is directly responsible for managing the work of someone else in a company or business, and who is one level above that person
one of the managers who are responsible for the most important activities of a large company, such as production
notice period
1.the period between the time that you are told about something and the time that it must happen or be done
2.the period of time that an employee must work in their job after they have said that they are leaving, or after they have been asked to leave
opposite number
a person who has a very similar job or rank to you but in a different organization = counterpart
pecking order
a system where some people have the right to get benefits/promotions before others
stuck behind a desk
mind-numbing
so extreme or intense as to prevent normal thought
stuck in a rut
too fixed in one particular type of job, activity, method, etc., and needing to change
seeking a career in
looking to work in
performance-related
used to describe money that someone earns that is directly related to their success at doing their job
skeleton staff
the smallest number of people needed for a business or organization to operate
interview panel
a group of people who ask someone questions to see if they are suitable for a job or course
cold calling
the act of phoning or visiting a possible customer to try to sell them a product or service without being asked by the customer to do so
hard sell
method of selling in which the salesperson puts a lot of pressure on someone to make them buy something
shopping channel
a television channel that shows products you can buy and allows you to buy them by pushing a button on your television's remote control
never look back
to continue to be successful after doing something with a good result:
She never looked back after that first exhibition.
brand loyalty
the habit of always buying a product with the same name, made by the same company
loss leader
an article that is sold cheaply in order to attract the public and make them buy other, more expensive, things
niche market
a small group of people who buy a particular product that most people do not buy, especially a good quality product that makes a lot of profit
hammer out a deal
capital asset
buildings and machines owned by a company
tapping/drumming fingers
infatuated
having a very strong but not usually lasting feeling of love or attraction for someone:
infatuated with She was infatuated with one of her co-workers.
She soon exerted enormous power over her infatuated lover.
Synonym
having a very strong interest in or love for something, often in a way that does not last long or is not reasonable:
infatuated with He went to Italy and came back infatuated with classical culture.
I'm someone who gets into a type of music, becomes infatuated for a short period, and then becomes infatuated by something else.
bosom friends/buddies/pals
a very close friend
business partner
bitter/arch rival
scrupulously honest
mutual acquaintance
complete and unswerving loyalty
STAUNCH ALLY
genuine misunderstanding
appease
appease somebody to make somebody calmer or less angry by giving them what they want
The move was widely seen as an attempt to appease critics of the regime.
appease somebody/something to give a country what it wants in order to avoid war
implacable
(of strong negative opinions or feelings) that cannot be changed
implacable hatred
(of a person) unwilling to stop opposing somebody/something
an implacable enemy
She remained implacable (= she would not change her feelings and opinions).
besotted
besotted (by/with somebody/something) loving somebody/something so much that you do not behave in a sensible way
He is completely besotted with his new girlfriend.
utter/sheer bliss
pet aversion
antipathy
antipathy (between A and B) | antipathy (to/toward(s) somebody/something) a strong feeling of dislikesynonym hostility
personal/mutual antipathy
a growing antipathy towards the idea
His professional judgement was coloured by his personal antipathies.
offhand
not showing much interest in somebody/something in a way that is rude or upsets somebody
an offhand manner
He was very offhand with me.
fickle
changing often and suddenly
The weather here is notoriously fickle.
Such is life in the fickle world of fashion.
(of a person) often changing their mind in an unreasonable way so that you cannot rely on them
She had been a fickle friend, even at the best of times.
another example of his fickle behaviour
nitpicking
the habit of finding small mistakes in somebody’s work or paying too much attention to small details that are not important
often finding small mistakes in somebody's work or paying too much attention to small details that are not important; showing this behaviour
a nitpicking lawyer
nitpicking corrections
distraught
extremely upset and anxious so that you cannot think clearly
She’s still too distraught to speak about the tragedy.
The child’s distraught parents pleaded for witnesses to contact the police.