God is Not One Terms

What are the three major branches of Christianity?

Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism

Christ

stems from the Greek word for the Hebrew term messiah

What are the four gospels?

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John

What does “gospel” mean?

good news

What are the Seven Deadly Sins?

pride, envy, sloth, gluttony, lust, greed, anger

How many books does the Catholic Bible have?

73

How many books does the Protestant Bible have?

66

What two main branches did Christianity split into in the Middle Ages?

Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy

What does sola fides translate to in English?

faith alone

What does sola scriptura translate to in English?

scripture alone

What are the four main branches of Protestantism?

Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, and Anabaptist

What does Anabaptist literally mean?

rebaptizer

What are the seven sacraments according to Catholicism?

baptism, confirmation, reconciliation, communion, anointing of the sick, marriage, ordination

What are Protestant exemplars called?

knights of faith

What are some other names for Holy Communion?

Eucharist, Lord’s Supper, Mass

What is one of the world’s fastest growing religions?

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

What three other extrabiblical books do Mormons recognize as scripture?

Book of Mormon, Pearl of Great Price, Doctrine and Covenants

What was the next great event in Christian history after the Reformation?

evangelicalism

What four distinguishing marks did historian David Bebbington categorize evangelicalism into?

Biblicism, crucicentrism, conversionism, activism

Biblicism

emphasis on the Bible as the inspired Word of God

Crucicentrism

emphasis on Jesus’s redemptive death on the cross

Conversionism

emphasis on the experience of the “new birth”

Activism

emphasis on preaching and performing the gospel

What denomination dominated the twentieth-century?

Pentecostalism

What “gifts of the Spirit” does Pentecostal worship give?

speaking in tongues, prophecy, and faith healing

Ashe

what the Yoruba refer to as sacred power

What is the world’s fastest growing Christian movement?

Pentecostalism

Prosperity Gospel

Jesus calls us to be rich

Social Gospel

Jesus calls us to help the poor

What are the two engines driving the diversifying of Christianity?

births and conversions

What is theosis?

becoming by grace what God is by nature

The phrase “people of the book” originates from what religion?

Islam

What does “Salaam alaykum” translate to in English?

peace be upon you

What does “Wa alaykum as salaam” translate to in English?

and upon you be peace

What does Islam translate to?

submission/surrender

What is adhan?

the invitation to heed the call to prayer

How many times a day is salat performed?

five

At what times of day is salat performed?

dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night

What is the most common of Muslim prayers?

Lord’s Prayer of Islam

What does sura mean in English?

chapter

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

Shahadah, salat, zakat, sawn, and hajj

Shahadah

• central pillar of Islam

• “I testify that there is no god but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God”

• must testify to this creed to become Muslim

Salat

• prayer

• Muslims interrupt both work and play to pray five times daily in the direction of Mecca

Zakat

• giving/charity

• required to give charity to the poor

• based on assets

Sawn

• fasting

• observed during Ramadan

• abstaining from eating, drinking, smoking, and sex

Hajj

• pilgrimage

• celebrates and reinforces unity of all Muslims

• occurs every year during the last ten days of the twelfth lunar month, open only to Muslims

What is a mihrab?

marker pointing worshippers in the direction of Mecca

Jihad

struggle

What are the two kinds of struggles in Islam?

spiritual and physical

What does spiritual struggle deal with?

pride and self-sufficiency

What does physical struggle deal with?

enemies of Islam and how to deal with them

What does Allah translate to?

God

Tawhid

divine oneness

Shirk

idolatry

Kafir

unbelief

Shariah

• “right path,” term used for law

• covers ritual and ethics, as well as criminal law, taxation, and public policy

What are the two most notable types of Muslims?

Sunnis and Shias

Imam

religious leader in Islam

Sunni Muslims

invested social and political authority in a series of caliphs, reserving all-important religious authority for the broader community

Shia Muslims

invested social, political, and religious authority in their leader

What is the Hadith?

scriptural collection of Muhammad’s sayings and actions

What does the name Muhammad mean?

praised one

Where did the Quran come from?

through Muhammad

What does “Quran” translate to?

recitation/reading

What is the Quran?

central religious text of Islam

What is Islamism?

radical form of politicized Islam that took martyr tradition developed by Jews and adapted by Christians in a deadly new direction

What are Sufis?

a follower of Sufism who focuses on a personal and inward journey to connect with God through love, meditation, and devotion

What does Sufi translate to?

wool wearer

What two types are Sufis divided into?

sober and drunk

What do sober Sufis emphasize?

God’s power and wrath

What do drunken Sufis emphasize?

mercy and beauty of God

Ummah

Muslim community

How many chapters are in the Quran?

114

What is the title of the Quran’s first sura?

The Opening, “Al-Fatiha”

What is the title of the Quran’s second sura?

The Cow

Fiqh

interpretation of Shariah, based on both the Quran and Hadith

Ahl al-Kitab

“people of the book”

Masjid

Arabic term for mosque

Allahu Akbar

“God is great”