God is Not One Terms

Sangha

community

Dharma in Buddhism

The way it is

Dukkha

suffering

Saudade

deep sadness

“Dependent Origination” in Sanskrit

Pratityasamutpada

Core Buddhist teaching

“Anatta” in Pali

“Anatman” in Sanskrit

Skandhas

aggregates

What are the five skandhas?

matter, sensations, perceptions, thoughts, and consciousness

First Noble Truth

human existence is characterized by dukkha, or suffering

Second Noble Truth

suffering has an origin

Third Noble Truth

since suffering has a cause, it can be eliminated

Fourth Noble Truth

there is a path to the goal of nirvana

Eightfold Path, also known as Middle Path

• steers clear of self-indulgence and self-mortification

• comprises of right understanding, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration

How many disciplines is the Eightfold Path divided into and what are they?

• 3

  • ethical conduct(be kind), mental discipline(be mindful), and wisdom

What two things does Buddhism believe humans don’t have?

soul and self

Tripitaka

Three Baskets

a collection of the Buddha’s teachings

Mahayana

most popular Buddhist school

Mahayana translation in English?

Greater Vehicle

Theravada

old Buddhist tradition, monastic

Theravada translation in English?

Way of the Elders

Arhat

Theravada exemplar

Bodhisattva

• Mahayana exemplar

• Means “awakening being”

Karuna

compassion

Bodhisattva Vow

the promise bodhisattva makes to humanity, saying that he will postpone his own final nirvana until everyone else enters first

Avalokiteshvara

• Most popular bodhisattva

• Known in Tibet as Chenrezig, Guanyin in China, and Kannon in Japan

Buddha of Infinite Light

• Most popular post-Gautama Buddha

• Amitabha in Sanskrit and Amida in Japanese

Pure Land

celestial abode of bliss

Honen

Founder of the Jodo Shu

Jodo Shu

Pure Land school

What was the Amida Buddha’s full name?

Namu Amida Butsu

Shinshu

Founder of the Jodo Shinshu

Jodo Shinshu

True Pure Land school

Nichiren

chanted the Lotus Sutra

Namu myoho renge kyo

Lotus Sutra

“Hail to the Marvelous Teaching of the Great Lotus”

Soka Gakkai International(SGI)

best known Lotus Sutra school

Zen

Dhyana in Sanskrit, chan in Chinese, and Zen in Japanese

Zen translation in English?

meditation

Shikantaza

• One of the two Zen practices

• You just sit

Koan

• One of the two Zen practices

• Zen master asks student a puzzling question, and they have to answer genuinely and spontaneously

Satori

moments of awakening that bring qualities of spontaneity and openness to everyday life

Shunyata

emptiness

Stupas

structures that typically house a sacred relic

Vajrayana

smallest of Buddhism’s three paths

Vajrayana translation in English?

Thunderbolt/Diamond Vehicle

Lama

teacher/guru

Five Forbidden Things

meat, fish, alcohol, sex, and mystical gestures(mudras)

Mudras

activity that seeks to break through the either/or mind to the nondualism of emptiness

Tibetan Book of the Dead

most widely spread Vajrayana Buddhist text in the West

What is the Tibetan Book of the Dead’s technical name?

liberation through Hearing in the Intermediate State

Bardo

intermediate state

What does the afterlife journey begin with?

The Great Luminosity

What is the second stage of the afterlife?

a parade of ugly and wrathful Buddhas

What is the last stage of the afterlife?

deciding when are where we will be reborn based on how much good and bad karma we’ve accumulated

What is the most popular God of Hinduism?

Ganesha

Hinduism is the ____ largest religion

third

What is reincarnation seen as in Hinduism?

punishment

Moksha

spiritual liberation

Samsara

the vicious cycle of life, death, and rebirth

What are the three different methods to move from samsara to moksha?

karma yoga, jnana yoga, and bhakti yoga

Karma yoga

sacrifice

Jnana yoga

knowledge/wisdom

Bhakti yoga

devotion

Which form of yoga is most popular?

bhakti

What is the first layer of Hinduism?

Indus Valley Civilization

What is the second layer of Hinduism?

Vedic

What is the third layer of Hinduism?

Philosophical Hinduism

What is the fourth layer of Hinduism?

Devotional Hinduism

What is the fifth and final layer of Hinduism?

Modern Hinduism

Philosophical Hinduism

shifted focus from rituals to philosophy and cosmic order to one’s individual soul

Sannyasins

renouncers

What did renouncers do?

left their families and society to devote their lives to pursue moksha; practiced meditation and yoga and sometimes broke taboos to experience spiritual truth

Avidya

ignorance

What does avidya do?

keeps souls trapped in a rebirth cycle and the solution to it is gaining wisdom to realize a person’s eternal soul(Atman) is one with eternal reality(Brahman)

“Tat tvam asi”

“You are that”

When did bhakti yoga begin to emerge?

around the time of Jesus

What was bhakti yoga?

a form of discipline that emphasized love, emotion, music, and worship of personal gods; instead of teaching about one abstract God, bhakti yoga focused on personal deities like Vishnu, Shiva, and Shakti

Yoga

union

Puja

rituals

What can rituals include?

offerings of food, flowers, or incense

Mahabharata and Ramayana

two great Hindu epics that mix both drama with morality to shape Hindu values

Dogma

unquestionable doctrine