World Studies Chapter 8 BJU

Latin America

South America, settled by the people of Spain and Portugal

line of Demarcation

This was the line drawn by Pope Alexander VI that gave Portugal part of Brazil and Spain the rest of South America

Treaty of Tordesillia

1494 Treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to divide the lands of the Western Hemisphere again

creoles

people of pure Spanish or Portugal decent born in the Americas

mother country

European country

exported

taken out of the colonies

imported

brought into the colonies

donatario

the title that nobles would recieve that they would be able to pass through their family line

viceroy

a governor exercising authority, in place of the king

peninsulares

Spaniards born in Spain

New Laws of 1542

laws to protect mestizos from abuse and enslaving

mestizos

people with Indian and Spanish parents

barrios

Poor neighborhoods

haciendas

large country estates

Old World

Europe

Jacques Cartier

French explorer sent to find riches and route to China

Samuel de Champlain

Major French explorer, discovered Lake Ontario, Huron, and Champlain

Father of New France

Samuel de Champlain

Jamestown

settlement turned into thriving colony by John Smith and Sir T. Dale

cash crops

crops that could be sold for cash or supplies

Pilgrims

Group who founded Plymouth colony in 1620

Puritans

settled Massachusetts Bay(1630)

Massachusetts Bay Colony

settled by the Puritians

established church

recognized and supported by the colony's government

United States of America

North America

War for Independence

delivered colonists from English rule

Constitution

document outlining the pattern of goverment

Simon Bolivar

pushed Spaniards out of Venezuela, leader of revolt of SA colonies against Spanish rule

Antonio Jose de Sucre

Bolivars faithful general

Jose de San Martin

South American general born in Argentina: won independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile

gauchos

cowboys in Argentina, troops for San Martin

Pedro I

Son and successor of Joao in Brazil; became emperor of independent Brazil.

caudillos

strong men, ruled as dictators

Brazil

Portugal was given this land. It is why the Brazlians speak Protuguese and not Spanish like most of South Am.

Guiana or Guyana

A popular name given to settlements used by many countries settling South Am.

Brazil vs. Portugal

Brazil is about 80 times the size of Portugal. Evan so Portugal controlled Brazil for 300 years.

The Jesuits

Portugal & Spain expelled this group from S. Am. because of the great profits they earned in sugar mills and slaughter houses

African Slaves

Portugal bought African slaves as early as 1441 9 million African slaves were brought to New World.

Resources

Silver and sugar were two major exports of colonial Latin Coffee is a very profitable resource today in S. Am. Coffee plant is originally from Arabia.