chapter 5

what are the 3 main types of cell junctions?

tight junction, desmosomes, and gap junction

function of tight junctions"?

form a seal preventing paasge of susbstances between cells

function of desmosomes?

snap-like junctions that reisst mechanical stress and keep cells from pulling apart

what is a hemidesmosome?

half-desmosome that anchors epithelial cells to basement membrane

function of gap junction?

allow passage of ions, nutrients, and small solutes between cells fro communication 

what is the differnce between secretion and excretion?

secretion= useful product, excretion= waste product

Exocrine vs. endocrine glands?

exocrine: secrete via ducts to surface( internal or external) endocrine: ductless, release hormones into blood 

examples of endocrine glands?

thyroid, adrenal, pituitary

examples of mixed function organs?

liver,pancreas, gonads

what are unicellular glands? example?

single secretory cells. ex: goblet cells in trachea (exocrine) or stomach endocrine cells

differnce between simple and compund ducts?

simple=unbranched compound=branched

difference between tubular,acinar, and tubulocinar glands? 

tubular= narrow tubes, acinar= dilates sac(acinus) tubuloacinar= both shapes

serous glands produce what type of secretion? example? 

thin, watery secretions (sweat, tears,milk, digestive juices). 

what do mucous glands secrete? 

mucin(absorbs water to from mucus)

what are mixed glands? examples?

glands with both serous andmucous cells ( salivary glands) 

how do erricen(meocrine) glands secrete? examples?

by exocytosis via vesicles( pancreas, tear glands gastric glands) 

how do apocrine glands secrete? example?

by buddling off lipid droplets with cytoplasm( mammary fat secretion)

how do holocrine glands secrete? example?

entire cells disintegrate and release contents( oil glnads of scalp, eyelid glands). 

what are the 3 main types of membranes?

cutaneous, mucous, serous

what is the cutaneous memebrane?

the skin(epidermis+dermis) dry and protective

where are mucous membranes found? functions? 

line passages open to external environment (digestive,respiratory) absorptive, secretory,protective. 

what are the layers of mucous membrane?

epithelium, lamina propria(areolar tissue), smooth muscle 

what is a serous membrane? function?

internal membrane lining cavities and organs, produces lubricating serous fluid

differnce between endothelium and mesothelium?

endothelium lines blood vessels/ heart, mesothelium lines body cavities (pleura, pericardium)