PPC Finals

psychology

the scientific study of the mind and behavior, involved in studying mental processes, brain functions, and behavior of humans

hub science

as a ___, psychology has deep connections with medical science, social science, and education

popular culture

the accumulation of all its elements capable of sustaining and perpetuating itself based on the endorsement and participation of the people through their own volition

queer theory

in this theory, the popular notion of popular culture is that only a few icons and trends remain relevant for a long time

ideas and identity categories that are considered as “hard set” in established fields are constantly being scrutinized and challenged. no set normal, changing views and norms

jungian archetypes

carl jung came up with the idea of ___, which are images and themes that come from the collective unconscious

archetypes

are things that have the same meanings in different cultures. may show up in dreams, literature, art, or religion

archaic remains

deeper, instinctual sources of archetypal images

father

this archetype represents an authority figure — stern and powerful.

mother

this archetype represents the well-known instincts — nurturing and comforting.

child

this archetype represents a person’s views of children — full of innocence, renewed life, and salvation

affect theory

is a way to think about culture, history, and politics that looks at things that aren’t words, makes us who we are, but they aren’t always under our control or even in our awareness

tells people that they should think of power as play

affect studies

mostly based on cultural studies, have been very interested in how emotions and feelings are formed in the social and cultural world

popular psychology

a term that describes any and all psychological ideologies, therapies, and other techniques that gained traction through media

characterized by placing emphasis on personal feelings, latest trends, and self-help techniques

oprahfication

form of therapy popularized by hosts such as oprah winfrey and phillip “dr. phil” mcgraw where guests make public confessions about a specific topic while guest specialists will listen and offer sound advice to them

this helped boost the rising popularity of popular psychology

identity erosion/self-erosion

the notion that some of the working class begin to lose themselves to the icons they wholeheartedly follow, to the point of devotion

true

(T/F) self-erosion occurs when a person is busy with something in their life, their sense of self begins to identify with the ones they poured themselves in

should the icon fade, either the self-eroded fan would either lose their sense of purpose or move on to the next big thing

tribalism

popular trend based on false, stereotypical ideas about indigenous people

culturalism

individuals are shaped by their culture, and these cultures make up closed organic wholes. the individual can’t leave his or her culture but can only see himself in it, not outside of it

says that cultures have special rights and protections, even if they break individual rights at the same time

true

(T/F) marxists have divided popular culture into 2 groups: those that people have made themselves, and those that were made for them

seen as a way to value the former (true expressions of mass creativity) and to devalue the latter (used to keep people calm and dominate culture)

countercultures

as such, this is where ___ stem from because marxism, in theory, pushes people to challenge the established norms of certain cultural groups

postmodernism (post-structuralism)

rejects universal explanations and instead focuses on the relative truths of each individual

is all about interpretation. emphasizes personal experience over abstract ideas, stating that personal experience is inherently imperfect and relative

genre

derived from french (and originally latin) word for "kind” or “class”

is a creation of media artists in order to help them classify their works so that they can identify their target audience and better promote their work

genre theory

indicates that genres might become overly confined to all of their norms, preventing them from being varied

intersectionality

explains how individual characteristics such as race, class, and gender, among others, “intersect” with one another

kimberle crenshaw

american lawyer who coined the term “intersectionality”

fan theories

are interpretations of work by fans that are debated, compared, and shared in various fan communities

forecast or deduce future content, particular occurrences, or provide other viewpoints

headcanon

form of discourse where a fan shares the probable origin or cause of something despite the lack of evidence in a source material

doki doki literature club

a game riddled with seemingly different pieces of evidence that point to a larger story, which is prime material for theory-crafting

semiotics

is simply defined as the study of signs

true

(T/F) since there are several concepts in the study of signs, depending on the tradition, semiotics may be called semiology in the saussurean tradition and semiotics in peircean tradition

ferdinand de saussure

swiss linguist and semiotician that offered a dyadic or two-part model of the study of signs

• signifier (signifiant)

• signified (signifi)

the two components of saussure’s two-part model of the study of signs

signifier (signifiant)

a form that the sign takes

signified (signifi)

the concept the sign represents

true

(T/F) today, the signifier is commonly construed to be the material form of the sign

refers to the signifier as the sound-image of the sign, considered as the psychological imprint of the sound

true

(T/F) in the saussurean model, the signifier serves as the material or physical form of the sign, while the signified is the mental concept of the sign, purely psychological

charles sanders peirce

worked on his own model of sign,' ‘semiotic or semiosis,’ and the taxonomies of signs

• representamen

• interpretant

• object

these are the three components of peirce’s triadic model

representamen

the form which the sign takes (but not necessarily material)

interpretant

the sense made of the sign (not an interpreter)

object

to which the sign refers

roland barthes

french writer that proposed the idea that there are distinct levels of signification (levels of meaning)

denotation

the first level of signification, where a sign is made up of a signifier and a signified

connotation

is a second-order signification that employs the initial sign as its signifier and adds an extra signified to it

true

(T/F) in barthe’s semiotics, denotation refers to the definitional or literary meaning of a sign, while connotation refers to the socio-cultural and personal association of the sign

multimodality

in this, linguists study not only language but also visual features and elements such as images, color, layout of pages, and even material objects and architecture

refers to the use of various sensory and communication channels to convey meaning in a message

recontextualization

involves transformation, and what exactly gets transformed depends on the interests, goals, and values of the context

takes place when some elements are changed, replaced, removed, or simplified

deletion

is the process wherein some aspects are deleted in any social practice as no representations in social practice can represent all the aspects of it

addition

is the process where elements were added to represent the text even further

substitution

is the process wherein there are changes or rearrangements by abstractions and generalizations in order to represent events or texts accordingly

evaluation

is the process where the events and people are generalized in the text