superpowers and international decision making 2.2

How do countries act during crisis response

• countries provide help to others, with superpowers and emerging nations playing a leading role

What aid did the USA, China, and the EU provide after the 2023 Turkey earthquake (crisis response)

• USA sent team of 200 rescues and $185mill in aid

• China gave $10mill in aid and 600 rescues

• EU sent 31 rescue teams, 5 medical teams

how has USA act during a conflict response

• USA led military intervention when Iraq invaded Kuwait

• USA led military intervention in Afghanistan to remove the Taliban from control

Why does climate change require international response, and what role do superpowers have (Climate change response)

• it affects the globe

• superpowers have a role due to their large environmental impact

• Trump withdrawing USA from Paris agreements affects their superpower status

what was the ‘Four Policemen’ idea by Roosevelt

• USA, UK, China, Russia being the only armed nations

• they would work together to maintain global peace

what is NATO

• safeguard the freedom and security of member nations

• collective defence- attack on 1 nation is an attack on all NATO nations

what is ANZUS

• focus on co-operation on military matters in pacific ocean region with USA, New Zealand and Australia

• It’s allowed USA to maintain presence in Pacific

what is the EU

• allows freedom of movement for people and goods

• People have greater access to markets

what is NAFTA

• created a free trade zone between Canada, USA, Mexico

• Compianse in Canada and USA shifted manufacturing to Mexico due to low labour costs.

• But leads to loss of jobs in USA

what is ASEAN (south east Asian nations)

• aims to accelerate economic growth and cultural development

• promote collaboration between nations

• promote peace

what is Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

• provide members with regular reports on knowledge of climate change, future risks

• Stabilise greenhouse emissions

what is the aims of the United Nations

• maintain international peace

• develop relations between countries

• promote social progress

what is the responsibility of the UN Security Council within the UN

maintaining peace and preventing conflict through peacekeeping missions

Applies sanctions to countries that threaten other countries

Use military force against other countries

who are the 5 permanent members in the UN Security Council and what can they do

• UK, USA, China, France, Russia

• they have the power of veto and can reject any proposal

• USA, UK, France vote together and China, Russia vote together leading to no progress

what is the International Court of Justice within the UN

• settles disputes between UN member countries and gives advice on legal questions

• aims to achieve geo-political stability and hold governments accountable for actions against human rights

What is the climate change conference within the UN

• UN wants protection of the environment

• Every year a COP is held

• COP assess the effects of past measures used to limit climate change

• reach agreement and set plans for future to limit climate change

What are military alliances and example

If 1 nation is attacked, allied nations defend them

NATO, ANZUS treaty

What are economic alliances and examples

Agreements between nations to promote trade through removing trade barriers

EU, NAFTA, ASEAN

What are environmental alliances and example

To tackle global issues like climate change

IPCC

What is within the UN

UN security council, International court of justice, Climate change conference