Chapter 4- Fungi, Protozoa

What is fungi?

any member if the fungi kingdom, including mold, yeast, and mushrooms

What is yeast?

microscopic, unicellular fungi

What is mold?

microscopic, multicellular fungi

What are mushrooms?

Macroscopic, multicellular fungi

What is hyphae?

each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus.

How does a heterotroph gain nutrition?

acquire all nutrients from organic material (carbon)

How does a saprobic mushrooms gain nutrition?

acquires nutrition from absorption

How does a parasitic mushroom gain nutrition?

trap and kill microscopic soil dwelling nematodes

What fungi is anaerobic?

yeast

What is Mycoses?

fungal infection

How can fungus cause harm?

- usually harmless spores cause infection in immunocompromised

- fungal cell walls can cause allergies

- toxins from poisonous mushrooms produced neurological disturbances and death

What is community acquired fungal infection?

fungal spores that are typically aerosolized in the soil (valley fever)

What is hospital acquired fungal infection?

nosocomial; acquired from various scenarios in hospital (immunocompromised, invasive surgical tools, ventilation)

What is opportunistic acquired fungal infection?

incidental infection where fungus takes advantage of circumstances

What are 3 characteristics that define protozoa?

eukaryotic, unicellular, lack a cell wall (motile with cilia, flagella, pseudopods

What are general characteristics?

- two nuclei- variety in number and kinds of mitochondria- heterotrophic

What is Trophozoite?

motile feeding stage requiring ample foods and moisture to stay alive

What is Cyst?

dormant, resting stage when conditions in environment become unfavorable, resist heat, drying, and chemicals