AP Hugo Unit 5 set 1 vocab

bid rent theory

geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the market increases.

commercial agriculture

the production of food primarily for sale off the farm, usually at larger scale using mechanized equipment, factory-like labor forces and technology.

extensive agriculture

a crop or livestock system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit area of land. May be apart of either a subsistence or a commercial economy.

fertilizer

a chemical or natural substance such as manure added to soil or land to improve crop production and yeild.

intensive agriculture

a form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible grid form a parcel of land.

irrigation

the process of supplying water to areas of land and make them suitable for growing crops.

market gardening

the relatively small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants.

mechanized framing

agriculture that uses machines to increase the per capita food number.

mixed crop/livestock system

commercial farming characterized by integration of planted crops and raising animals; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.

monocropping

an agricultural method that utilized large plantings of a single species or variety in a single location year after year.

monoculture

the practice of growing a single crop in one location at a time, even if crops are rotated throughout the season.

pastoral nomadism

a subsistence agricultural system in which practitioners follow the seasonal movements of livestock.

pesticide

a chemical used to kill insects and other organisms that damage crops.

plantation agriculture

growing specialized crops such as bananas coffee and cacao on a large estate to be sold as a cash crop.

ranching

a form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area.

shifting cultivation

a form of subsistence agriculture in which people move activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a long period.

slash and burn agriculture

a farming technique in which trees are cut down and set aflame to clear and fertilize land.

subsistence agriculture

the production of food primarily for consumption by the farmers family.