Chapter 2 (Campbell's Biology in Focus)
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23 Terms
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hydration shell
A(n) ________ is formed when theres a sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion.
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Van Der Waals interactions
________ occur when atoms get just close enough that a few electrons in their valence shell (electron cloud) touch.
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Adhesion
________ is the clinging of one substance to another.
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Evaporative cooling
________ occurs because the hottest molecules, (those with the greatest kinetic energy) are the ones most likely to leave as a gas.
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Matter
________ is anything that takes up space and has mass.
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unit of measurement
The ________ for atoms and subatomic particles is a dalton.
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solute
The ________ is the dissolving agent of a solution.
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Molarity
________ is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
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chemical reactions
An element is a substance that can not be broken down into other substances by ________.
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homogeneous mixture
A solution is a liquid that is a completely ________ of two or more substances.
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covalent bond
Two or more atoms held together by ________ constitute a molecule.
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unequal sharing of electrons
The ________ and waters V- like shape make it a polar molecule.
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Surface tension
________ is a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
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aqueous solution
A(n) ________ is one in which the solute is dissolved in water, water is the solvent.
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radioactive isotope
A(n) ________ is one in which the nucleus decays spontaneously giving particles and energy.
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hydrogen bond
A(n) ________ is formed when there is a noncovalent attraction between hydrogen and an electronegative atom.
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chemical behaviour of an atom
The ________ depends mostly on the number of electrons in its outermost shell.
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chemical bonds
Attractions between atoms are called ________.
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polar covalent bond
A(n) ________ is when an atom is bonded to a more electronegative atom, the electrons will therefore not share equally.
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Potential energy
________ is the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure.
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Trace elements
________ are required by an organism in only minute quantities.
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particular atom
The attraction of a(n) ________ for the electrons of a covalent bond is called its electronegativity.
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covalent bond
A(n) ________ is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.