Geography - Chapter 4 - Natural Resources

Primary Activities

Jobs or activities that involve extracting or producing raw natural resources, e.g. farmer or miner

Secondary Activities

Jobs or activities that involve transforming or processing raw natural materials into a refined product or further processing already processed materials, e.g. carpentry or bakery

Tertiary Activities

Jobs or activities that involve providing a useful service to people, e.g. teacher or cashier

Natural Resource

Something from the natural world that people use for their advantage

Renewable/Infinite Resources

Resources that can be used over an over again if you look after them in a sustainable way

Non-renewable/Finite Resources

Resources that can only be used once or twice because there is a limited supply

Over-exploitation

Using a resource to much

Potable Water

Water that is safe for people to drink

The water cycle

The cycle of recycling water

Evaporation

When the Sun heats up lakes, plants or other bodies of water and turns the water to water vapour

Condensation

When the water vapour turns back to water and forms clouds

Precipitation

When so much water has condensed that the air can’t hold it and it falls to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail

Run off

When the water that fell over the land runs off the soil into rivers, lakes or oceans

Irrigation

The artificial watering of land

Continental Shelf

An elevated area of seabed surrounding a continent

Plankton

Small microscopic organisms that fish and whales feed on

Overfishing

When fish are taken from the sea faster than they can reproduce

Quota

A limit on the amount of fish that can be caught in a particular area

Conservation Zone

An area where natural resources are to be protected and maintained

Agriculture

the practise of farming, including the growing of crops and the rearing of livestock

Inputs

Things that are needed to begin a process in a system

Processes

Tasks or jobs done within a system to produce outputs

Outputs

The products or results of a system

Dairy Farming

The keeping of cows for milk, cheese, butter, ect.

Tillage/Arable Farming

The growing of crops [maize, wheat, barley, ect.]

Horticulture

The growing of vegetables, fruits, salads, flowers, ect.

Pastoral Farming

The grazing of cattle or sheep

Livestock Farming

The keeping of cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, ect.

Mixed Farming

A mixture of keeping livestock, growing crops and vegetables

Deciduous Trees

Trees that lose their leaves in winter

Coniferous Trees

Tree that keep their leaves year-round [also known as evergreen]

Deforestation

The clearing of all trees from an area by cutting or burning

Reforestation

The planting of trees in an area that was once covered by forest but was affected by deforestation

Common Agriculture Policy [CAP]

The European Union’s policy for supporting farmers, ensuring food security and promoting sustainable rural development

European Green Deal

The Eu’s plan to make Europe climate neutral by 2050