Anatomy Science Olympiad

What is the strongest bone in the Skull?

Mandible

Percentage of water in Cartilage?

up to 80%

What type of cartilage makes up the fetal skeleton?

hyaline cartilage

What is the most common form of cartilage?

Hyaline cartilage

What makes up the growth plate found at the end of long bones?

hyaline cartilage

Why does cartilage heal slowly?

The chondrocytes are trapped in lacunae.

What is the cartilage ring within the ball-and-socket shoulder and hips called?

The labrum

Where do osteoclasts reside?

Pits in the bone surface: called resorption bays, or Howship's lacunae.

Where do osteoclasts secrete substances?

The extracellular space

What do osteoclasts secrete?

hydrogen ions, collagenase, cathepsin K and hydrolytic enzymes

What does the RANK Ligand do?

stimulates osteoclasts

What classifies irregular bones?

shapes are complex and don't fit neatly into the categories of long, short, or flat bones. REMEMBER: IRREGULAR= I-SHAPED REGION

Popular skincare ingredient that increases the rate of skin cell turnover and is deactivated by UV light

Retinol

Tocopherol

Vitamin E

Niacinamide

Vitamin B3

Thickness of stratum corneum.

10-30 layers

What is the acid mantle?

a thin, protective film that covers the surface of the skin.

From what amino acid is melanin synthesized from?

Tyrosine

What DNA defect does UV-B cause?

cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers