Unit 2 Vocab 2020-21

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Biology

9th

20 Terms

1

Amino acids

The monomers or building blocks of proteins

<p>The monomers or building blocks of proteins</p>
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2

Carbohydrates

Sugars; source of quick energy

<p>Sugars; source of quick energy</p>
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3

Complementary base-pair

The bond between A-T and C-G on the DNA double helix

<p>The bond between A-T and C-G on the DNA double helix</p>
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4

Dehydration Synthesis

Chemical reaction that joins two monomers together releases a molecule of water

<p>Chemical reaction that joins two monomers together releases a molecule of water</p>
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5

Diffusion

Movement of very small particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, with the concentration gradient.

<p>Movement of very small particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, with the concentration gradient.</p>
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6

Hypertonic

When there is a higher concentration of dissolved substances outside of the cell than inside, the solution is:

<p>When there is a higher concentration of dissolved substances outside of the cell than inside, the solution is:</p>
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7

Lipids

These molecules are used for insulation and providing long term energy

<p>These molecules are used for insulation and providing long term energy</p>
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8

Macromolecule

Large molecules, usually 200 atoms or more, bonded together

<p>Large molecules, usually 200 atoms or more, bonded together</p>
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9

Monomer

A subunit or building block of a larger molecule

<p>A subunit or building block of a larger molecule</p>
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10

Monosaccharides

The monomers or building blocks of carbohydrates

<p>The monomers or building blocks of carbohydrates</p>
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11

Nucleic acids

Macromolecule that stores information in the form of a genetic code

<p>Macromolecule that stores information in the form of a genetic code</p>
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12

Organic

Molecules that contain the elements hydrogen and carbon

<p>Molecules that contain the elements hydrogen and carbon</p>
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13

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration, with the concentration gradient.

<p>Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration, with the concentration gradient.</p>
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14

Phospholipid

Type of lipid found in the cell membrane

<p>Type of lipid found in the cell membrane</p>
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15

Polymer

A large molecule formed from smaller molecules

<p>A large molecule formed from smaller molecules</p>
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16

Proteins

These are used in the body for structure, transport, and as catalysts for chemical reactions

<p>These are used in the body for structure, transport, and as catalysts for chemical reactions</p>
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17

Enzyme

Proteins with a very specific shape that function to speed up, or catalyze, chemical reactions.

<p>Proteins with a very specific shape that function to speed up, or catalyze, chemical reactions.</p>
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18

Substrate

The substance that the enzyme is working on

<p>The substance that the enzyme is working on</p>
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19

Polar

Molecules that are asymmetrical and have a partial positive side and a partial negative side; like water

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20

Hydrogen Bond

Attraction between the negative oxygen on one water molecule and the positive hydrogen on another water molecule

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