Chem acids vs bases
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34 Terms
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Acid chacteristics (4)
Taste sour, Release H2 gas (when they react with active metals), Conduct electricity, ph is below 7
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Base characteristics (4)
Taste bitter and feel slimy and slippery, Don’t react (around active metals), Conduct electricity, ph is above 7
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Strong Base and Acids
completely dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution
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Examples of Strong Base
OH bonded with Group 1 or 2 (NaOH)
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Weak Base and Acids
dissociates only to a slight degree
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Examples of Weak Base
NH3
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If you put Litmus Paper in a base, what color does it turn?
Blue
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If you put Litmus Paper in an acid, what color does it turn?
Red
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If you put Phenolphthalein in a base, what color does it turn?
Pink
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If you put Phenolphthalein in an acid, what color does it turn?
Colorless (clear)
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If you put Cabbage in a base, what color does it turn?
Green
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If you put Cabbage in an acid, what color does it turn?
Pink
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Monoprotic
Only donate one proton per molecule
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Example of monoprotic
HC2H3O2
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Polyprotic
Donate more than one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule
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Types of Polyprotics
Diprotic and Triprotic
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Diprotic
Donate two protons per molecule
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Examples of diprotic
H2SO4
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Triprotic
Can donate three protons per molecule
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Example of triprotic
H3PO4
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Arrhenius Acid Rule
acids produce H3O+ (hydronium) in water
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Arrhenius Base Rule
bases produce OH- (hydroxide) in water
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Bronsted-Lowry Acid Rule
an acid is a proton (H+) donor
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Bronsted-Lowry Base Rule
a base is a proton (H+) acceptor
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Acid + Base =
Salt + H2O
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Acid + Base = (conjugates)
Conjugate base + Conjugate acid
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Conjugate base
particle that remains after a proton has been release by the acid (leftover)
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Conjugate acid
formed when the base acquires a proton from the acid
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Binary Def
Acids that contain hydrogen and a nonmetal
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Binary Rules
Add prefix hydro-, add suffix -ic, add the word acid to the end
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Ternary/Oxyacids Def
Contain 2 elements with an oxygen (NO hydro-)
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Ternary/Oxyacids Rules
\-ate turn into -ic, -ite turns into -ous, add the word acid to the end
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Strong Acids examples
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO3, HClO4
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Weak Acids examples
HC2H3O2
Note 
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