Introduction to Communication Sciences and Disorders- Test 1

What do the CCC’s stand for?

Certificate of Clinical Competence

What is required for your C’s?

To complete a graduate program with clinical practicum, pass a certification exam and perform a 9 month clinical fellowship.

What is NSSLHA?

The student form of ASHA

Communication

an exchange of meaning between a sender and a receiver

speech

sound production achieved by movements of the vocal mechanism

Hearing

Awareness of sound, the ability to distinguish among sounds and the ability to process sounds that occur at a rapid rate.

Formulation

put thoughts and ideas into words to share

transmission

the act of speaking, and fluently expressing thoughts and ideas

Reception

The receiving of information sent by another person

Comprehension

the interception of the communication you received

Communicatio Disorder

any communication structure or function that is diminished to a significant degree

How many people have a communication disorder

approx 46 million

What falls into Classification 1 of Communication Disorders: Broad

speech, language and hearing disorders

What falls into classification 2 of communication disorders: Etiology

Organic: physical cause and Functional: a physical cause cannot be identified

What falls into Classification 3 of Communication Disorders?- Time of Occurrence

Developmental disorders or acquired disorders

Person- first language

the communication disorder is a descriptor of the individual and not a persons primary attribute

Communicatio difference

communication abilities that differ from those usually encountered in the mainstream culture even though there is not evidence of impairment. Ex: dialect.

Language

a standardized set of symbols and the knowledge about how to combine those symbols into words/sentences to convey ideas and feelings

speech

form of human language that is vocalized

International Phonetic Alphabet

special set of symbols we use to represent the sounds of speech in phonetic English

Phonemes

distinct sounds a

allophones

Phonetic variations of a word that do not change the meaning of the word.

minimal Paris

Words that differ by only one phoneme

Place

produce blockages at different places in the oral cavity, named for articulators involved or the contact point for the toungue

Examples of Place

Bilabial, Labiodental, Interdental Alveolar, Palatal

Manner

different ways speakers can block airflow through the oral cavity using different types of constrictions

plosives ( stops)

complete-closure in oral cavity, pressure builds up and then is released

Fricatives

articulators are close but not occluded causing friction

affricates

combines a plosive with an immediately following fricative.

nasals

includes airflow through the nasal cavity

laterals

airflow involves sides of the tongue

Glides

articulators glued from slight construction to a more open position

Cognates

same maker and place of production but different voicing w

what is an example of a voiceless consonant

/f/

what is an example of a voiced consonant sound?

/v/

Semantics

linguistic representation of objects, ideas, feelings, and events as well as their relations

lexicon

mental dictionary of words

Content of language

the domain of language that relates to meaning

Form of language

the structure of language

Phonology

the study of the sounds we use to make words

morphology

the internal organization of words

syntax

the linguistic conventions for organizing word order ( Grammar)

pragmatics

how context influences content and meaning

Culture

a set of beliefs and assumptions shared by a group of people that guide how individuals think, act and interact on a daily basis

dialect

a variation of language that is spoken by people from a particular geographic area

Code switiching

the ability to use a dialect in some settings but not other , or to vary its usage throughout an event.