US History Review Flashcards

Flashcards for US History Post WWII to Clinton Administration

Post WWII Boom

Economic prosperity in the US following World War II lasting until the Clinton administration.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A tense standoff between the US and the Soviet Union over the placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba.

Kennedy Assassination

The assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

Great Society

A set of domestic programs launched by Lyndon B. Johnson aimed at reducing poverty and racial injustice.

Vietnam War

A prolonged conflict in Southeast Asia involving the US, South Vietnam, and North Vietnam.

Civil Rights Movement

A social movement in the United States aimed at ending racial segregation and discrimination.

Nixon's Political Approach

Characterized by realpolitik, a pragmatic approach to foreign policy based on national interests.

Watergate Scandal

A major political scandal involving abuse of power and obstruction of justice by President Nixon and his administration.

OPEC

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, which significantly influenced global oil prices and contributed to stagflation.

Gerald Ford

President of the United States who succeeded Nixon and pardoned him for his role in Watergate.

Jimmy Carter

President of the United States known for his focus on human rights and the Camp David Peace Accords.

Iran Hostage Crisis

A diplomatic crisis in which Iranian students held American diplomats hostage for 444 days.

Reagan's Plan

Economic policies focused on reducing government spending, cutting taxes, and deregulating industries.

End of the Cold War

The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the ideological and geopolitical struggle between the US and the Soviet Union.

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

A joint resolution passed by Congress that authorized President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam.

Tet Offensive

A series of surprise attacks by the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces during the Vietnamese New Year (Tet).

Sharecropping

A system of agriculture in which landowners allow a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.

Truman Doctrine

A policy of providing economic and military assistance to countries threatened by communism.

Cold War

A period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies.

Bay of Pigs

A failed invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles trained and funded by the CIA.

Operation Mongoose

A secret CIA program aimed at overthrowing the Cuban government.

Civil Rights Bill

Landmark legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Lyndon Johnson

President of the United States who advanced civil rights and launched the Great Society programs.

MLK

A leader in the Civil Rights Movement.

Stagflation

Economic condition of slow economic growth and high unemployment, while prices rise.

Realpolitik

A pragmatic approach to foreign policy based on national interests rather than ideology.

SALT

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty; agreements between the US and the Soviet Union to limit nuclear weapons.

Bretton Woods Agreement

An agreement that established the US dollar as the world's reserve currency. (created with Britain)

Smithsonian Agreement

Ended the Bretton Woods Agreement.

Watergate

Presidential obstruction of justice

Camp David Peace Accords

Peace treaty between Israel and Egypt brokered by President Carter, treatied in US

Volker v Fed

Massive shift in way the government works with economic affairs(taxes) by Reagan

Reagan Doctrine

Contain communism and roll it back; kill communist government

Treaties

Formal agreements between countries

Nixon

President after LBJ during the Vietnam War

Kennedy Assassination

Death of President John F. Kennedy

Assasination Attempts on Ford

Two failed assassination attempts that occurred during his time in office.

Foreign affairs

How the US was originally involved in Vietnam, before conflict

Communism

Political theory that was the focus of the Truman Doctrine

Afghanistan

Country US and SU fought over, under the Truman Doctrine

Cold War

US vs Soviet Union tension

Cuban Missile Crisis

Cuba building missiles to launch from SU

Vietnam War

Extended Truman Doctrine

Bay of PIgs

actions US took to contain Communism

Kennedy

Came in during the Bay of Pigs

Lyndon Johnson

passed the Civil Rights Bill

Great Society

extension of the New Deal

Inflation

Rise in prices

Deflation

Decrease in prices

Clinton Administration

End of Post WWII boom

Kennedy focuses on

foreign policy

Cuba’s new communist leader

Fidel Castro

Kennedy’s NEW FRONTIER

Make wealth evenly dispersed

Kennedy wants the US to overthrow

Communist Cuba(Fidel Castro)

Bay of Pigs Invasion

US attempt to overthrow Castro’s gov, US troops are killed and captured, CIA members are charged and fired

Operation Mongoose

CIA operation to assassinate Fidel Castro, never ended up working

-sent Cigarettes with explosives, conch shells with explosives on beach

Castro goes to who for help when the US is plotting against him

Soviet Union, supplied Cuba with military aid and nuclear missiles to defend against US aggression.

US spy planes found that

Cuba had nuclear missiles

Soviet Union is supplying Cuba with

atomic weapons

US blockades Cubs with Naval ships, then

the Soviet Union removes the missiles

both the US and the Soviet Union agree to

remove missiles and stop above ground testing, (IF YOU CAN”T TEST YOU WON”T USE)>eventually start testing weapons underground

a hotline is created for

the US and Soviet Union to speak directly

Kennedy assassination

was assassinated when campaigning in Dallas

who became president after Kennedy was killed?

Vice President Lyndon B Johnson

Lee Harvey Oswald

shot Kennedy from a hotel window

Johnson helped

black students by buying school supplies(was a former teacher)

MLK wanted to show how

violent police can be, but the protest ended up being peaceful and un disturbed

Bull Connor then

created aggressive measures against the protesters, MLK then arresterd

Attouney General

Robert Kennedy bails out MLK

1964 Civil Rights Act

Johnson made segregation illegal

Who was elected President in 1964

Lyndon B Johnson

Gulf of Tankin

Vietnam fought on the side of North Vietnam against US forces on the Vietnamese New year holiday

Gulf on Tonkin Resolution

US forces operating in Southeast Asia have the right to defend themselves against Vietnam, and can attack if felt threatened

Operation rolling Thunder

air inhibition to bomb North Vietnam by planes(not that successful because Vietnam is an agriculture country)

US dropped more bombs on Vietnam than in

WWII(US commits commits the Army and Marine battalins in Vietnam)

Johnson was big on

domestic programs

Johnson’s office of economic oppurtunity

aimed at getting people jobs for where they lived

Vista

Volunteers in Service to America-Send young americans to villages throughout the world

Johnson’s health programs

medicaid(gov healthcare for poor people) and medicare(for retirees

detente

US acceoting the fact that communism was going to stay(Nixon and wife visit China and bring gifts)