Chemical Bonding Vocab Nov 11

1) Chemical Bond

A force that holds two or more atoms together to form a molecule or compound

2) Ionic Bond

A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged ions

3) Octet Rule

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve 8 electrons in their outermost shell

4) Duet Rule

Hydrogen and helium are stable with only 2 valence electrons

5) Ionic Salt

A compound formed from the attraction between positive and negative ions; typically between a metal and a nonmetal

6) Ion

An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost electrons, giving it a charge

7) Cation

A positively charged ion (forms when an atom loses electrons)

8) Anion

A negatively charged ion (forms when an atom gains electrons)

9) Electrolyte

A substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water due to the presence of ions

10) Polyatomic Ion

A charged group of covalently bonded atoms that acts as a single ion

11) Oxidation State

The charge an atom would have if electrons were completely transferred in a bond

12) Covalent Bond

A bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

13) Single Bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing one pair (2 electrons)

14) Double Bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing two pairs (4 electrons)

15) Triple Bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing three pairs (6 electrons)

16) Molecular Compound

A compound made up of nonmetals joined by covalent bonds

17) Metallic Bonding

A type of bond where metal atoms share a “sea” of delocalized electrons that move freely