Japanese expansionism

First Sino-Japanese War & Treaty of Shimonoseki

1894-5

21 Demands

1915

Paris Peace Conference

1919-1920: Japan dissatisfied with gains

Washington Naval Conferences

1922: Japan unhappy with 5:5:3 naval ratio

Domestic economic challenges

Tokyo Earthquake (1923)

Banking Crisis (1927)

Zaibatsu 

Wall St Crash (1929) + Hawley-Smooth Tariff (1930)

Domestic instability examples

May 15 Incident (1932): PM Inukai assassinated

February 1936 Incident: Kodoha coup d’état

Mukden Incident & Invasion of Manchuria —> aggression

Sep 1931

Manchukuo established

1932

Stimson Doctrine —> response

1932: non-recognition of Manchukuo

Lytton Commission —> response

Arrived in China in 1932, report accepted in 1933, Japan exits League

Tanggu Treaty —> aggression

1933

He-Umezu Treaty & Qin-Doihara Treaty —> aggression

1935

Neutrality Acts —> response

1935, 6, 7, 9 —> leaning towards cash-and-carry

Second United Front —> response

1936

Marco Polo Bridge Incident —> aggression

1937: start of Second Sino-Japanese War

Battle of Shanghai

1937

Rape of Nanjing

Dec 1937-Jan 1938

Roosevelt’s Quarantine Speech —> response

1937

Japan’s ultranationalism —> aggression

Fundamental Principals 1934

New Order in Asia 1938

Co-prosperity Sphere 1940

Amau Doctrine 1930s

Two Ocean Navy Act —> response

1940

Invasion of northern and southern Indochina —> aggression

1940, 1941

Tripartite Pact —> aggression

1940

Soviet Japanese Pact —> aggression

Apr 1941

Imperial Conference —> aggression

July 1941

Asset freeze & oil embargo —> response

Jul & Aug 1941

Hull Ultimatum —> response

Nov 1941

Attack on Pearl Harbor —> aggression

Dec 1941