Magnets
Any material capable of attracting iron and producing magnetic field outside itself
Electromagnet
Magnets that are produced due to electricity
Properties of magnets
Have 2 poles (north & south)
Exert forces on each other
Surrounded by magnetic field
If two pairs of poles that are the same (ex: North & North) meet, they will repel
On the other hand, different poles will attract
Magnetic interaction
Dipolar magnet
Only 2 poles are possible
The positive & negative
North = positive
South = negative
To check whether a pole is North or South
Use a compass
Types of magnets
Natural magnets
Artificial magnets
Materials that can be made into magnets
Iron, nickel, cobalt
Materials that CAN’T be made into magnets
Brass, copper, zinc, tin, aluminium, non-metals
Magnets classification
Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. [STRONG]
Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby some materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field. [WEAK]
Diamagnetic materials are repelled by a magnetic field; an applied magnetic field creates an induced magnetic field in them in the opposite direction, causing a repulsive force. In contrast, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials are attracted by a magnetic field. [CANNOT BE USED FOR/ATTRACTED TO MAGNETS]
Magnetism induced in iron
Temporary
Magnetism induced in steel
Permanent
Magnetise easily, demagnetised easily, and soft
Iron
Harder to magnetise (than iron), permanently magnetised, and a hard material
Steel
Magnetisation
the process that makes a substance magnetic (temporarily or permanently)