Product Design - Paper 2

What is Socio-Economics?

Sociology-Economics is the consideration of both worlds to where people for large companies are simply just money and ways of learning people to then get their own personal economic growth is what Socio-Economics is.

What does CoID stand for?

Council of Industrial Design.

What is meant by Rationing?

The process of providing little so that a small amount can last longer.

What are Utility Products?

After the war with not much too go around, Product Designer made it their time to shine by making products simply fit for purpose to help those in need.

What are Microelectronics?

Electronics that were able to be built on a micro level which all become possible due to the IC (Integrated Circuit)

What does IC stand for?

Integrated Circuit

What does IoT stand for?

Internet of Things

What is the IoT?

IoT is the communication and talking between a range of different devices all working together like a network.

What does RFID stand for?

Radio Frequency IDentification.

What is sustainability?

Sustainability considers not just now but the future and what can be done in the current in order to better improve the future.

What is ethical?

Ethics is the consideration of peoples personal beliefs of right and wrong.

What is Cultural acceptability?

This is a topic which builds within Inclusive Design where as many factors must be considered including Cultural acceptability to where they must be looked at instead of alienated.

What is the DDA?

The Disability Discrimination Act which considers and helps those that are disabled and makes sure that the world is more accepting.

What are social issues?

issues which effect people entirely considering:

• Poverty

• Health

• Unemployment

• Discrimination

• Environment

PHUD|E

What is Fairtrade?

The consideration of product processes to where every part of the processes is kept fair with everyone receiving reward for the exact work they do.

What are the 6R’s

• ReDuce

• ReUse

• ReFuse

• ReThink

• ReCycle

• RePair

DUF.TCP

What are the 5 stages of the product life cycle?

• Introduction

• Evolution

• Maturity

• Decline

• Extension

IEMDE

What does PLC stand for?

Product Life Cycle

What is a Demand Pull?

When consumers really want something and it becomes apparent to companies they’ll end up making the product which in turn pulls in all these consumers getting exactly what they wanted.

What is Planned Obsolesce?

When a product is made to require replacement.

What is a Technology Push?

A brand new and untouched idea being added to the marketplace being a gamble of whether or not consumers will buy into it.

Who made the Men at work Road Sign?

Margaret Calvert

Who made the first bagless Vacuum Cleaner?

James Dyson

Who made a great lemon squeezer?

Phillipe Starck

Who made a Radio & Record player in one?

Dieter Rams

What are Dieter Rams’ 10 principles for a Good Design?

• Innovative

• Aesthetically pleasing

• Makes a product useful (Form follows function believer)

• Makes a product understandable

• Unobtrusive (restrained and not completely bonkers)

• Honest (Not deceiving to the consumer)

• Longevity (long product life)

• Thorough to the final detail

• Environmentally friendly

• As little a design as possible (only what is required)

I|AM|MUHL|TEA

What does SCAMPER stand for?

• Substitute

• Combine

• Adapt

• Modify

• Put another use

• Eliminate

• Reverse

What are the 12 PDS?

The 12 Product Design Specifications:

• Weight

• Ergonomics

• Aesthetics

• Cost

• Safety

• Quality

• Maintenance

• Function

• User

• Sustainability

• Environment

• Size

WEAC|SQM|FUSES

What does COSHH stand for?

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

What is modelling?

The process of creating either a physical or virtual 2d|3d CAD model.

Why is product recall a bad thing?

Because it means the original analysis stage is not effective and it can end up being more than 1000x more expensive compared to just initially noticing it at the design stage.

What is Evaluation during a product design process?

It is the proper report regarding exactly how effective a design meets its specifically set specification.

What is so good about Third party feedback?

Its unbiased and independent.

What are focus groups?

A type of market research where members of a specifically chosen demographical audience are investigated for information needed.

What is a demographic group?

A specific category of people

What is a visual prototype?

A prototype only made to show of the visual aspects of a model.

What is a proof of concept prototype?

A prototype with the key function of showing of the main technical aspects of a design.

What is a production prototype?

A prototype made to represent how a mass-produced product would look and function.

What are 3 types of Prototype?

• Proof of Concept

• Production

• Visual

What is the difference between measurement and dimension?

measurements uses tools to look at existing dimensions while dimensions alone show the distance between features.

What is a datum point?

A reference from which measurements are taken to improve accuracy.

What is a template?

A shape or pattern with the ability to transfer a design onto a piece of work to maintain consistency.

What does QA stand for?

Quality Assurance

What does QC stand for?

Quality Control

What is QC?

Quality Control is the monitoring and knowing that procedures taking place are done exactly as they are supposed too.

What is QA?

Quality Assurance act as rules or a guide to follow to ensure proper Quality Control.

What 4 main factors effect the level of accuracy and quality?

• Scale of Production

• Manufacturing Methods used

• Type of products being made

• Skill level of the active workforce

What are the 3 scales of production?

• Small — Bespoke

• Medium — Batch

• Large — Mass

What does ISO stand for?

ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization, a global body that develops and publishes international standards to ensure quality, safety, and efficiency in products and services.

What does BSI stand for?

British Standards Institute

What does TQM stand for?

Total Quality Management

What does TQM do?

TQM’s aim is to improve by each product via learning and reduce waste.

How does TQM learn?

Total Quality Management learns through:

• Workforce Views

• Feedback

• Teamwork

• Communication

What does Scrum do?

The point of Scrum is pretty much just teamwork.

A team working together in order to meet a set goal discussed at the beginning of the day.

What does Six Sigma do?

The job of Six Sigma is to reduce defects to less than 3.4 per million

What are the main 5 stages of Six Sigma?

• Define

• Measure

• Analyse

• Improve

• Control

DMAIC

What does CPA stand for?

Critical Path Analysis

What does CPA do?

Critical analysis which ensures time efficient completion.

What is Tolerance?

Tolerance is the lee weigh allowed to get wrong before it becomes and issue.

Why is use of a Go|No Go Gauge better that simply using Calipers?

Why isn’t it?

• No need for reading measurements. Simply Pass or Fail

• Time efficient

• No need to recalibrate etc.

• Simply makes use of a Minimum and Maximum margin.

What does CMM stand for?

Co-ordinate Measuring Machine

How does CMM work?

Through use of lasers or probe scanners.

What does ISO do?

ISO (International Standards Organization) acts like a governing body for all standard setting institutions just like BSI.

What does RoHS stand for?

Restriction of Hazardous Substances

What does WEEE stand for?

Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment

What does FSC stand for?

Forest Stewardship Council

What does FSC do?

A system that certificates timber products

What does WEEE do?

Considers the End of life for Electronic and Electrical equipment.

What does RoHS do?

Takes responsibility for protecting human health and the environment from Hazardous substances within production processes.

What is a Carbon Footprint?

The total amount of Carbon released into the atmosphere.

What is the difference between Primary and Secondary Carbon?

Primary considers the direct expelling of carbon while secondary looks at the indirect release of carbon dioxide.

What is the chemical symbol for Carbon Dioxide?

CO2 (The 2 is lower i dont know how to do that)

What is product miles?

The Total milage or Distance that a product takes from creation to consumer.

What are the 3 considerations for Sustainable Development?

• Social

• Economic

• Environmental

SEE

What are 3 Main factors to look at for Sustainable Development?

• Choice of Material

• Choice of Manufacture

• Choice of Processing

What are the two different types of energy sources?

• Renewable (Alternate Energy Source)

• Non-Renewable

What is another way of saying Circular Economy?

Crade-to-Cradle

What are the 2 nutrient types?

• Biological — 6R’s

• Technical — Linear economy

What is a Circular Economy?

An approach which keeps sustainability above all else considering the reuse of materials (Circular Economy)

What are 3 types of design processes?

• Circular

• Iterative

• User centered

What is the difference between Anthropometric and Ergonomics?

Ergonomics is the actual consideration of anthropometric data while it actually is the measurement of the human body

What does UCD stand for and entail?

User Centred Design is when the design process is entirely centred around the end user of the product.

What is the difference between Primary and Secondary Research?

• Primary is when its entirely sourced by yourself.

• While Secondary is when you search it up online or find it in a book.

What are some methods for gaining primary investigative research?

• Market Research

• Interviews

• Focus Groups

• Competitor Product Analysis

• Anthropometric and Ergonomic Data

What are the steps to be taken in order to make a successful prototype?

1. Plan

2. Rapid Prototyping

3. Test

4. Improve

PRTI

What is an Iterative design?

Iterative designing refers to a process which is repeated in a cyclical manner looping while repeating itself.

What are 7 Design Movements?

BPM : MAAA

• Bauhaus

• Post-Modernism

• Modernism

• Arts & Crafts

• Art Deco

• Art Nouveau

What are the Main 4 Design Movements?

BAAP

• Bauhaus

• Art Deco

• Arts & Crafts

• Post-Modernism

How long did The Arts & Crafts Movement last for?

1850-1900

How long did The Art Deco Movement last for?

1925-1939

How long did The Bauhaus Movement last for?

1919-1933

How long did The Post-Modernism Movement last for?

1981-1988

What could Arts & Crafts be described as?

• Handmade

• Simplicity

• Natural Beauty

• Traditional

Arts & Crafts are done by hand

What could Art Deco be described as?

• Geometrical

• Symmetrical

• Bold (Colours)

• The complete opposite of Art Nouveau

• Exotic

Art Deco, Art Decorations are Simple Geometrical and Bold with an industrial touch

What could Bauhaus be described as?

• Geometrical

• ‘Form Follows Function‘

• Mass Producable

The Form simply Follows the Function. Design coming second.

What could Post-Modernism be described as?

• Playful

• Bold & Bright

• Sculptural

• Simplistic

• Abstract Geometrics

• Non-Traditional

Post-Modernism: Crazy, Abstract and bit of everything thrown together.

Who are 3 main designers of Arts & Crafts?

• William Morris

• Richard Norman Shaw

• Charles Voysey

AC | WRC

Who are 3 main designers of Art Deco?

• Clarice Cliff

• Eileen Gray

• Walter Dorwin Teague

AD | C_EW

Who are 3 main designers of Bauhaus?

• Marcel Breuer

• Marianne Brandt

• Walter Gropius

B|MMW

Who are 3 main designers of Post-Modernism?

• Michele De Lucchi

• Martine Bedine

• Ettore Sottsass

PM|MME