Force Factors Related to Projectile Motion, Kinetic Chain Concept, Influence of Dynamic Fluid Force and Gravity

Projectile is a body whose motion is subject only to the forces of __ and ___

Gravity and Fluid Resistance

Projectiles can exhibit __, __, or ___ motion.

linear, gravity, or general motion

Even though an object can be projected in various ways most projectile motion is the result of force applied by the ___ segment of a kinetic chain

Distal

A system of linked rigid bodies subject to force application describes the ___ concept

kinetic Chain concept

Kinetic Chains can be classified according to its complexity and the ___ of its distal segment.

Mobility

When each segment participates in more than two linkages this describes?

Simple kinetic chain

The hand is linked to the forearm; the forearm is linked to the hand and upper arm; and the upper arm is linked to the forearm and the shoulder this is an example of which kinetic chain

simple

When a segment is linked to more than two other segments..

Complex Kinetic Chain

The human torso has two links at the hips, one at the neck, and two at the shoulders describing a __ kinetic chain

Complex Kinetic Chain

When motion at one link is possible only with cooperative movement at other links this describes a __ kinetic chain

Closed Kinetic Chain

The distal segment is in contact with the reference frame or portion of the reference frame that provides enough resistance to prohibit free motion, and therefore has less mobility describes a ___ kinetic chain

Closed Kinetic Chain

When motion can occur at one link in the chain without cooperative motion at other links this describes a___ kinetic chain

Open Kinetic Chain

When the most distal segment is free to move, and therefore has greater mobility describes a ___kinetic chain

Open kinetic chain

The projection of an object by a human body often involves an open __ chain because the entire body is usually involved, and the distal segment can move freely

complex

The kinetic chain is used to apply force to the object to ___ it. Once the object has been released from the distal segment of the chain, it is officially a projectile and subject only to the forces of gravity and fluid resistance.

Project

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: Everybody in the universe attracts every other body with a force directed along the line of centers for the two objects that is directly proportional to the ___ and inversely proportional to the square of ___ the two objects.

product of their masses and square of the separation between

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation describes the influence of gravity on __

projectile motion

If no other forces act upon a projectile, it will fall at a rate of ___ m per second the first second. It will then fall an additional ___ m per second faster for each additional second.

9.81m

In the absence of any other force than gravity, the center of gravity of any object projected with some horizontal component will follow a predictable ___ path.

parabolic

The height of the parabola in projectile motion can vary and depends on the __ at which the object is projected and its ___

angle and vertical velocity

Force that acts upon a system that is moving through a fluid

Dynamic fluid force

When moving through a fluid, the system (a projectile in this case) causes particles of the fluid to be ___ so that it can move forward

Deflected

Dynamic fluid force is the ___ and ___directed force of the fluid particles in reaction to the applied force of the system moving through the fluid.

equal and oppositely

The dynamic fluid force vector can be resolved into two components: A parallel component called __and a perpendicular component called __

drag, lift

Drag force tends to __ the system's motion through the fluid.

resist

Lift tends to change the___ of system motion

change the direction

Drag and lift are components of the same dynamic fluid force, so they are affected by the same factors:

• The drag or lift coefficient

• The density of the fluid through which the object is movig

• The projected area of the object 

• The relative velocity of the object with respect to fluid flow

Drag and lift are affected by the __ of the fluid through which the object is moving, the __ of the object, and the ___ of the object with respect to fluid flow

Density of the fluid projected area and relative velocity of the object

Dynamic fluid force is sometimes ignored, depending on the situation E.g if an object is relatively ___, it is less susceptible to alterations in the parabolic

massive