Absolute Monarchs H10

Absolute Monarchy

ruler has total power

divine right

theory in which rulers are God's representatives on Earth

Edict of Nantes

document granting religious freedom to the Huguenots

Huguenots

French Protestants

Spanish Armada

"Invincible" group of ships sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588; Armada was defeated by smaller, more maneuverable English "sea dogs" in the Channel; marked the beginning of English naval dominance and fall of Spanish dominance.

Sea Dogs

Small maneuverable ships of the English that defeated the Spanish Armada

Protestant Winds

The storms that battered the Spanish Armada and prevented it from reaching England. The English hailed these storms as a miracle that allowed them to remain Protestant.

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Mass slaying of Huguenots (Calvinists) in Paris, on Saint Bartholomew's Day, 1572.

Estates General

An assembly that represented the entire French population through three groups, known as estates; King Louis XVI called this in May 1789 to discuss the financial crises.

Palace of Versailles

Lavish palace constructed by Louis XIV to reflect his power and might

What was the Thirty Years War?

A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict.

When did the Thirty Years War take place?

1618-1648

What ended the Thirty Years War?

The Peace of Westphalia

Which two main parties were primarily involved in the Thirty Years War?

France and the Hapsburgs, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire.

What type of rebellion was part of the Thirty Years War?

Protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire.

Peace of Westphalia

Ended the Thirty Years War

Who passed the Pragmatic Sanction?

Charles VI

What was the purpose of the Pragmatic Sanction?

To make sure the lands would never be divided

What was the War of The Austrian Succession?

A series of wars in which various European nations competed for power in Central Europe.

Who was the Hapsburg emperor whose death triggered the War of The Austrian Succession?

Charles VI