AP Pysch Stats

descriptive statistics

descriptive statistics

Statistical techniques used to summarize and describe the characteristics or properties of a dataset, such as measures of central tendency and variability.

effect size

A measure of the strength or magnitude of the relationship between variables or the magnitude of a treatment effect, independent of sample size.

histogram

A graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data, where the data is divided into intervals (bins) and the height of each bar represents the frequency or count of data points within each interval.

inferential statistics

Statistical techniques used to make inferences or predictions about a population based on sample data, including hypothesis testing and estimation.

mean

The average of a set of values, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values.

median

The middle value in a dataset when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order. If there is an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle values.

meta-analysis

A statistical technique for combining the findings from multiple studies on a particular topic to determine overall trends or effects.

mode

The most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

normal curve

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that represents the distribution of scores in a population, with the mean, median, and mode all located at the center.

percentile rank

The percentage of scores in a distribution that are equal to or below a particular score.

range

The difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset, representing the spread or dispersion of the data.

skewed distribution

A distribution of data in which the scores cluster more towards one end (positive skew) or the other end (negative skew) of the range, rather than being evenly distributed.

standard deviation

A measure of the average distance of each data point from the mean of the dataset, indicating the degree of variability or dispersion in the data.

statistical significance

The likelihood that the results of a study are not due to chance, typically determined by comparing observed data with expected outcomes under the null hypothesis.