Transverse Friction & Scar Tissue Mobilization - Full Study Q&A

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts related to transverse friction massage and scar tissue mobilization.

What is transverse friction massage?

A manual technique applied perpendicular to tissue fibers to mobilize connective tissue, reduce pain, and stimulate healing.

What does the term 'friction' originate from?

From the Latin word 'fricatio,' meaning 'to rub.'

Who popularized transverse friction for therapeutic use?

James Cyriax, who used it specifically for localized connective tissue lesions.

What are the effects of transverse friction?

Local hyperemia, pain reduction, heat production, prevention of adhesions, promotion of mobility, and mechanoreceptor stimulation.

What conditions indicate the use of transverse friction?

Muscle lesions, tendinous injuries, and ligament injuries.

How should the patient be positioned for transverse friction?

Comfortably, with the treatment area fully exposed and supported.

How is the therapist’s hand positioned during transverse friction?

Index finger reinforced by the middle finger, or elbow for larger areas.

Is lotion used during transverse friction?

No, lotion is not used.

What is the required rhythm of the transverse friction technique?

A slow, back-and-forth movement lasting 3–5 minutes.

Why must transverse friction be applied perpendicular to the fibers?

To mobilize and separate tissues around and between fibers, improving mobility.

When is transverse friction contraindicated?

During acute healing stages due to risk of increasing inflammation.

When should transverse friction be initiated?

In the subacute phase once inflammation is controlled.

What should follow after applying transverse friction to muscle?

Passive motion and then cold application.

How is transverse friction performed on tendons?

By gliding over the tendon and sheath while placing the tendon on stretch; followed by cold pack.

How is transverse friction applied to ligaments?

In subacute stage once swelling decreases; in chronic stage it breaks adhesions.

What is scar tissue mobilization used for?

To improve skin mobility, ROM, prevent adhesions, and minimize scar appearance.

When is the ideal treatment window for scar tissue mobilization?

Within an 8–10 week window starting in the subacute phase.

What techniques are used for scar tissue mobilization?

Pinching, lifting/kneading, and small circular motions.

Why is transverse friction contraindicated during the acute phase?

Because it increases inflammation and irritates healing tissues, potentially worsening injury.

Why is perpendicular motion used rather than parallel stroking in transverse friction?

Perpendicular friction best disrupts early adhesions and improves alignment of healing fibers.

Why is a cold pack applied after friction techniques?

To reduce posttreatment soreness and manage reactive hyperemia.

Why must the exact lesion site be located before applying friction?

Because transverse friction is intended for highly localized tissue treatment; incorrect placement reduces effectiveness.

How does transverse friction help chronic tendinopathy?

It increases circulation, breaks adhesions, and stimulates fibroblast activity to promote tendon remodeling.

Why should PROM or AROM follow ligament friction treatment?

To maintain newly gained mobility, reinforce fiber alignment, and prevent readhesion.

Why is scar mobilization time-sensitive?

When performed within 8–10 weeks, collagen is still remodeling and more responsive to manipulation.

In what scenario should friction NOT be used on a tendon?

If the tendon is acutely inflamed or there is suspected partial rupture.

Why is clinical decision-making emphasized in transverse friction techniques?

Because tissue healing stage, patient irritability, and lesion type determine whether friction is beneficial or harmful.