Anatomy and Physiology 1 (BSC2085) Unit 2 Study Guide

A set of flashcards summarizing key concepts from the Anatomy and Physiology 1 study guide covering tissues, the integumentary system, and the skeletal system.

What are the four primary types of tissue in the human body?

Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous.

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

To cover surfaces, line cavities, and form glands.

What characterizes connective tissue?

It has an abundant extracellular matrix composed of fibers and ground substance.

What is the main function of muscular tissue?

Specialized for contraction to generate movement.

Which type of muscular tissue is found only in the heart?

Cardiac Muscle.

What is the role of neurons in nervous tissue?

They generate and conduct electrical signals.

What are the two types of tissue repair?

Regeneration and Fibrosis.

Which layer is the deepest part of the skin?

Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer).

What is the primary cell type in the epidermis that produces keratin?

Keratinocytes.

What type of glands are most numerous in the skin and function in thermoregulation?

Eccrine (Merocrine) Sweat Glands.

What are the three major types of skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Support, Protection, Movement, Mineral Storage, Blood Cell Production.

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

Osteon (Haversian system).

What is endochondral ossification?

The process where cartilage is replaced by bone.

What are the three phases of fracture repair?

Reactive, Reparative, Remodeling.

What hormone decreases blood calcium levels?

Calcitonin.