BIO 150: Muscles and Tendons

Flashcards covering key terms and muscles discussed in BIO 150 Week 8 Lab related to muscle function, origin, insertion, and actions.

Trapezius

A superficial back muscle that extends from the occipital bone to lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula.

Origin tendon

A tendon that stays fixed in place and helps anchor the muscle.

Insertion tendon

A tendon that inserts into bones that need to be moved and is pulled inward when the muscle contracts.

Synergist

Helper muscles that assist a prime mover by performing the same movement.

Antagonist

A muscle that opposes the movement of another muscle.

Serratus anterior

A deep anterior-lateral muscle that connects the ribs to the scapula, assists in protraction.

Deltoid

A prime muscle responsible for the upward abduction of the arm.

Pectoralis major

A fan-shaped muscle on the anterior trunk that adducts the arm.

Latissimus dorsi

A broad muscle of the posterior trunk that adducts the arm towards the center of the back.

Biceps brachii

A muscle on the anterior humerus, primarily responsible for flexing the forearm.

Triceps brachii

A muscle on the posterior humerus that extends the forearm and is an antagonist to the biceps.

Flexor carpi radialis

A muscle that flexes the wrist towards the forearm and bends it laterally.

Palmaris longus

A muscle that helps flex the hand anteriorly but is not always present.

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A muscle that flexes the phalanges of the four non-thumb fingers.

Flexor pollicis longus

A muscle that flexes the phalanges of the thumb.

Frontalis

A facial muscle that pulls the eyebrows up and wrinkles the forehead.

Orbicularis oculi

A muscle that closes the eyelids to blink, wink, and squint.

Orbicularis oris

A muscle that puckers the lips, known as the kissing muscle.

Buccinator

A muscle that compresses the cheek for blowing and sucking.

Zygomaticus

A muscle that raises the corners of the mouth, used for smiling.