PR 2: Midterms Reviewer

Practical Research 2

True experimental

True experimental

Research design that involves variable manipulation and randomized selection and assignment of participants

Survey

Used to determine opinions, ideas, preferences of respondents about a particular topic

Longitudinal

This type of research design is characterized by the long duration of the research process in order to observe possible effects or changes in the trend being studied

Quasi-experimental

This research design aims to determine the effects of a particular treatment/intervention to a group of pre-determined research participants

Correlational

This type of research design aims to determine possible underlying connections/relationships between distinct variables

Cross-sectional

A study conducted in order to compare collected data with variables of the same interest

Survey

• A librarian wants to determine which among the Junior High School grade levels has the highest library usage percentage.

• What quantitative research design must be used?

True experimental

• As an entrepreneur, I wish to know which management style would best improve the morale of the employees. In order to do so, I shall try out different management styles in different branches and compare how well the employees are performing.

• What quantitative research design must be used?

True experimental

• A botanist wants to test a new organic treatment that would help save plants with root rot. In order to do so, she tests out various combinations and compare the results with chemical treatments to determine the best organic treatment.

• What quantitative research design must be used?

Longitudinal

• A developmental psychologist wants to observe how young children exposed to English media develop their vocabulary knowledge. She does this by making repeated assessments to a group of young children to see if there are changes or improvements in their vocabulary.

• What quantitative research design must be used?

Quasi-experimental

• A school principal wishes to evaluate the effect of the Science High School Curriculum on the performance of the students in their Math, Science, and ICT subjects

• What quantitative research design must be used?

Survey

• I am an aspiring entrepreneur, I want to know which food item or product will sell in my area

• What quantitative research design must be used?

Correlational

• I am a Mathematics teacher, I want to determine if playing RPGs can has a role in the logical thinking skills of College students

• What quantitative research design must be used?

Theoretical framework

• It is a framework that is already existing prior to the conduct of the study

• It contains principles, constructs, concepts

Conceptual framework

• This framework is considered to be the logical masterplan of your research

• Shows the graphical narrative form of the process of the main concepts and variables of the research topic

Conceptual framework

A synthesis of relevant concepts

2. It contains variables, constructs, and concepts of the present study

Which of the following is the best definition of conceptual framework?

1. It explains the research design and tools

2. It contains variables, constructs, and concepts of the present study

3. It presents previous researches or studies

False

• A conceptual framework is the application of a theory, or a set of concepts drawn from one and the same theory to offer an explanation of an event

• True or false?

To understand reality

The main goal of a theory

… explain a phenomenon

Through a theory the researcher can …

True

• Theories are developed by researchers to explain phenomena, draw connections and make predictions

• True or false?

True

• The theoretical framework helps the researcher to decide the design, data and analysis plan to the research

• True or false?

1. Identify key concepts

2. Evaluate theories

Some of the steps to create a theoretical framework are …

2. Identify the variables of your topic by answering the question: what factors contribute to the presumed effect

It is a good idea to ...

1. to use your thesis title as the basis to construct your theoretical framework

2. Identify the variables of your topic by answering the question: what factors contribute to the presumed effect

3. Discuss the main aspects of the theory that others have used to explain a similar problem

4. List all the variables that are related to your study

1. Conceptual

2. Theoretical

In Dr. Kivunja's analogy of the 2 research frameworks, he described the (1) framework as the entirety of the house and the (2) framework as a specific room in the house

Theory

This is a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena by specifying relations among variables, with the purpose of explaining and predicting the occurences

1. Review

2. Research

3. Pick

4. Synthesize

How do you develop a theoretical framework?

4. All of the above

The review of related literature includes which of the following type of research sources?

1. Primary sources

2. Online sources

3. Secondary sources

4. All of the above

4. The RRL provides sources of significant problems

• The review of related literature allows us to identify the questions that still need to be answered regarding a research topic

• Which of the following roles of RRL does this refer to?

1. The RRL leads to definitions of problems, selection of methods, and interpretation of findings

2. The RRL states the stand of the researcher on conflicting views relative to the study

3. The RRL reports contribution of others to the study

4. The RRL provides sources of significant problems

Research variables

It refers to the traits, attributes, or even symbols which measurements vary among the subjects or objects of study

Independent variable

Which type of research variable can be manipulated or controlled by the researchers?

4. The RRL helps us conceptualize and justify the research because an extensive review can assure no duplication

• The review of related literature prevents researchers to reiterate the discussions that had already been made by previous researchers

• Which of the following roles of RRL does this refer to?

1. The RRL points out authoritative evidences supportive of the study

2. The RRL states the stand of the researcher on conflicting views relative to the study

3. The RRL leads to definitions of problems, selection of methods, and interpretation of findings

4. The RRL helps us conceptualize and justify the research because an extensive review can assure no duplication

Research questions

Research variables can identified with the use of _____

2. The RRL leads to definitions of problems, selection of methods, and interpretation of findings

• The review of related literature enables researchers to look through research instruments from previous researches that can also be used to answer their own research questions

• Which of the following roles of RRL does this refer to?

1. The RRL helps us conceptualize and justify the research because an extensive review can assure no duplication

2. The RRL leads to definitions of problems, selection of methods, and interpretation of findings

3. The RRL provides source of significant problems

4. The RRL states the stand of the researcher on conflicting views relative to the study

Primary source

These are original sources of information that have not yet been filtered through analysis, examination or interpretation

Title page

This contains all key information about the document

Research abstract

This section lets readers get the gist or essence of your paper or article quickly

Background of the study

It establishes the context of the research

Significance of the study

It is a written statement that explains why your research was needed

Scope and delimitation of the study

This defines the topic and boundaries of the research problem to be investigated

Scope

This statement answer the following six questions: why, what, when, where, who, how

appealing

There is a need to ensure that the title of your research is _____

key words

One way of showing the scope of the study through the research title is by using ______

Independent variable

It a quantitative variable that causes change in the other variable

Categorical variable

It’s a qualitative variable that is explained through description, theme, and code

Newness

What does novelty suggest?

4. "This research is a qualitative research”

Below are some phrases that can help you indicate the gap "fill", except …

1. “We therefore analyzed …”

2. “In this study, we investigated …”

3. “Therefore, the goals of this study are …”

4. "This research is a qualitative research”

2. However, the practical application of this model is limited because of the complex numerical solutions required

Which one is the gap statement?

1. Milly’s work recognized the importance of storage capacity of the root zone in controlling evapotranspiration and has the potential for assessing the catchment-scale response of vegetation changes

2. However, the practical application of this model is limited because of the complex numerical solutions required

3. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the long-term impact of vegetation changes on mean annual evapotranspiration at catchment scales based on data and parameters that are easily measurable at a regional scale

Theoretical gap

It refers to discrepancies that exist between theory and earlier research

Knowledge gap

A gap that occurs due to a lack of understanding of the theory and literature found and the discrepancy of research results with researchers' expectations

Research gap

A question that has never been answered before

Statement of the problem

This part of the research stated the area of concerns, issues that wanted to address and the problems need to be solved

Ethical consideration

Since a study involves people, special care is taken into consideration to ensure that respondents are treated ethically in all aspects

Does the title describe what the study is all about?

One important, basic question asked about the research title