ww1 test

Why did the assassination of the Austrian heir lead to a world war?

Alliance systems caused countries to defend each other, turning a regional conflict into a global war

What specific event triggered Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist

How did Germany’s actions after the assassination escalate the conflict?

Germany gave Austria-Hungary support and declared war on Russia and France

How did the Schlieffen Plan directly cause Britain to enter the war?

Germany invaded Belgium, and Britain defended Belgian neutrality

Describe conditions on the Western Front. What made it so destructive?

Trench warfare, constant shelling, disease, and new weapons caused massive casualties with little progress

What caused the stalemate on the Western Front?

Both sides were evenly matched and protected by trenches and machine guns

How did new technology change the way WWI was fought?

Machine guns, poison gas, submarines, and airplanes made warfare more deadly

How did U-boats impact neutral countries like the United States?

They sank ships carrying civilians and goods, increasing tension with Germany

Why was the sinking of the H.M.S. Lusitania a turning point?

It killed American civilians and increased U.S. anger toward Germany

How did the convoy system reduce losses at sea?

Warships protected groups of merchant ships from submarine attacks

What was the goal of the Allied attack at the Dardanelles?

To open a supply route to Russia and weaken the Ottoman Empire

Why did the Dardanelles campaign fail?

Strong Ottoman resistance and poor planning led to heavy Allied losses

How did total war change life on the home front?

Governments controlled industries, rationed food, and involved civilians in war efforts

How did propaganda influence public support for the war?

It encouraged enlistment and created hatred toward the enemy

Why did governments use conscription during WWI?

They needed more soldiers as casualties increased

Why did Russia withdraw from World War I?

Economic problems, food shortages, and revolution forced them out

What role did the Bolsheviks play in Russia leaving the war?

They took power and immediately pushed for peace

What was the outcome of the October Revolution?

The Bolsheviks gained control and established a communist government

How did the Russian Revolution affect the overall war?

Germany could focus on the Western Front after Russia exited

What were the main goals of the Fourteen Points?

To promote peace, self-determination, and prevent future wars

Why did European leaders disagree with the Fourteen Points?

They wanted harsher punishment for Germany

What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany accepted blame, lost land, reduced its military, and paid reparations

How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?

It caused economic hardship, loss of territory, and national humiliation

What were the results of the Treaty of Versailles?

It created resentment, weakened Germany, and set up future conflict

Why was the League of Nations created?

To maintain peace and prevent another world war

Why was the League of Nations ultimately weak?

It lacked strong enforcement power and key countries did not fully support it

How did self-determination change Europe after WWI?

New nations were formed based on ethnic groups

What caused the Spanish Influenza to spread rapidly during WWI?

Movement of soldiers and poor living conditions

How did the war end in 1918?

An armistice was signed after Germany became too weak to continue

Why is World War I considered a “total war”?

Entire societies, economies, and civilians were involved in supporting the war effort

How did the alliance system divide Europe before WWI?

Europe split into the Triple Entente (Britain, France, Russia) and Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy)

How did militarism contribute to the start of WWI?

Countries built large armies and were prepared to go to war quickly

What role did nationalism play in causing WWI?

Ethnic groups wanted independence, especially in the Balkans, creating tension

How did imperialism increase tensions between European nations?

Competition for colonies led to rivalries and distrust

Why did the United States enter World War I?

Unrestricted submarine warfare and attacks on American ships pushed the U.S. to join

How did American entry into the war affect the outcome?

Fresh troops and resources helped the Allies win

What happened to Germany’s government at the end of the war?

The Kaiser stepped down and a new republic was formed

Why did Germany agree to an armistice in 1918?

Its military was failing, and it faced internal unrest and shortages

How did the redrawing of borders after WWI create future problems?

New countries included mixed ethnic groups, leading to conflict

How did reparations impact Germany after the war?

They caused economic struggles and resentment toward other nations