principles of food review

Who provides the U.S. dietary guidelines?

USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)

What can help children develop healthy eating habits?

Good experiences with food

Strength

being able to move your muscles against resistance

What do electrolytes do for your body?

help maintain the body's fluid balance

anorexia nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by an obstinate and willful refusal to eat, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of being fat

bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Wellness

an overall state of well-being or total health

Nutrition

The process by which your body takes in and uses food

Why should good nutrition be a priority during pregnancy?

To have a healthy pregnancy avoid nutrition related birth defects

What 4 nutrients may need special attention for pregnant women?

Folic Acid (Folate), Vitamin B, Calcium, and Iron

Besides infancy, at what stage in life will you experience the fastest growth?

teenage years

How might improving your cardio respiratory endurance enable you to reach new fitness goals?

It's easier to breath and muscles will not get as tired

eating disorders

Severe disturbances in eating behavior characterized by preoccupation with weight concerns and unhealthy efforts to control weight.

Who is most likely to develop an eating disorder?

Teens and young adults, especially females

binge eating disorder

an eating disorder in which people overeat compulsively

food borne illness

an illness caused by eating or drinking a food that contains a toxin or disease causing microorganism

Symptoms of foodborne illness

Diarrhea, vomiting, fever, nausea, abdominal cramps, and jaundice

expiration date

The last date you should use a product

soft skills

nontechnical skills needed by most workers for success on the job

soft skill examples

communication, reading, writing, math

prevent food borne illness

keep hot foods hot, keep cold foods cold, keep raw foods separate, keep your hands and kitchen clean

Elderly Nutrition

Malnutrition is often a concern

Benefits of exercise

-Reduces fat, builds muscle

-Boosts immune system, prevents some diseases

-Cardiovascular benefits

-Mental health benefits

stress reduction

self-esteem

-Longer life

2 hour rule

Do not leave perishable food out in the danger zone for more than this time.

My Plate

Current recommended food guidelines by the USDA.

FDA

Food and Drug Administration. The agency that is responsible for determining if a food or drug is safe and effective enough to be sold to the public.

USDA (US Department of Agriculture)

an agency that monitors the safety and quality of poultry, eggs, and meat products

Credible Sources of Nutrition Information

- Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

- American journal of clinical nutrition

- U.S department of agriculture

- U.S food and drug Administration

hygiene

Measures contributing to cleanliness and good health

Vitamins

Essential nutrients that do not yield energy, but that are required for growth and proper functioning of the body.

food preservation

Increasing the shelf life of foods by preventing the growth and activities of microorganisms

sustainable agriculture

Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil- restoring crops with cash crops and reducing in-puts of fertilizer and pesticides.

Who is most at risk of food borne illness?

Infants, elderly, pregnant, and those with compromised immune systems (ex. AIDS, Cancer)

How to prevent food borne illness

prevent cross contamination, proper cooking, and not giving bacteria the time and conditions to multiply (2 hour rule, danger zone)

Call a doctor!

bloody diarrhea, frequent diarrhea or vomiting, stiff neck and severe headache, dizziness or blurred vision, high or persistent fever

When buying caned goods they should be

free of dents, bulges, rust, and leaks

refridgerator temperature

32-40 degrees

Leave space for air to circulate

refrigerator

Freezer temperature

0 degrees or less

How long should you wash your hands for?

At least 20 seconds

3 ways to thaw food safely

in the refrigerator, in cold water, or in the microwave

CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

A procedure designed to restore normal breathing after cardiac arrest

Heimlich maneuver

procedure that removes food or other obstacles from a choking person's airway

How to put out fire on range top

1 turn off heat 2 put cover on pan or pour flour, salt or baking soda on flames

How to put out fire in oven

1 turn off or disconnect appliance 2 keep appliance door closed and make sure nothing around it can catch fire

How do you measure brown sugar?

Pack it tightly in dry measuring cup

pastry blender

Hand held utensil used to "cut" firm shortening or butter into small pieces while mixing with flour mixtures which is the first step in making most pastry

grater

A cutting tool used to shred or grate foods like potatoes, cabbage, cheese or if the surface is fine, to zest lemons or ginger

Major appliance

A large appliance, such as a range, a refrigerator- freezer, or a dishwasher.

small appliances

A portable or semi-portable machine, generally used on table-tops, counter-tops, or other platforms, to accomplish a household task.

Saving energy in the freezer

Keep it full

work center

section in a kitchen that has been designed around a specific activity

Wellness includes

physical health, mental and emotional outlook, and social well-being

Resources

things such as time, energy, and money that help you reach a goal or complete a task

nutrition label

Attached to a food that has a listing of nutrients available in the food and is used to plan for health and nutrition. Nutrient values are based on an average person's needs.

Culture

Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.

etiquette

manners

Flatware

Forks, knives and spoons used for eating. Also called silverware and eating utensils.

place setting

the arrangement of the table are that each diner will need for a meal; also called a cover

when eating, your napkin belongs where?

in your lap

What affects local food supply?

Climate and geography, Commerce, immigration and travel

food supply chain

process of how food gets from the farm to our tables. involves production, processing, distribution, consumption, and disposal

organic farming

the use of natural substances rather than chemical fertilizers and pesticides to enrich the soil and grow crops

additives and preservatives

-chemicals added to food to prevent spoiling

-to control & improve color & texture

-to replace or add nutrients

-to improve flavor

Why does hunger exist?

climate or geography, lack of modern transportation, lack of fuel, natural disasters, and wars or political conflict

6 nutrients

carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water

These nutrients give you energy

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

These nutrients build and repair body

proteins

these nutrients keep body processes going

vitamins and minerals

Nutrient Deficiency

a condition resulting from insufficient supply of essential nutrients through dietary inadequacy or impaired absorption or use

malnutrition

a state of poor nutrition

Calories

Units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body

BMR (basal metabolic rate)

the rate at which energy is used to keep the body alive when in a rested and fasting state

saturated fats

A fat that is solid at room temperature and found in animal fats, lards, and dairy products.

unsaturated fats

A fat that is liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.

Cholesterol

A type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods.

dietary fiber

nondigestible carbohydrates and lignin that are intact in plants

water soluble vitamins

dissolve in water and are not stored in the body

Fat soluble vitamins

dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body

Calcium

Builds strong bones and teeth

How to control sodium

use herbs and spices instead of salt, eat less processed foods

How to eat less fat and cholesterol

try beans or peas as meat substitute, try fish, trim off fat, limit egg yolks

lactose intolerance

The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose

diabetes

A condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin, the hormone required for the metabolism of sugar

modified diet types

low fat, low cholesterol, low-sodium, high fiber, soft

unit pricing

the use of a standard unit of measurement to compare the prices of packages that are different sizes

cooking methods

dry heat, moist heat and combination

Dry heat cooking

cooking food uncovered without added liquid or fat