UNIT 1 - PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS

client (n /ˈklaɪənt/) (The company requires clients to pay substantial fees in advance)

🔸 someone who receives a service in return for payment → khách hàng (người dùng dịch vụ chuyên nghiệp)

colleague (n /ˈkɒliːɡ/) (She’s very popular with her colleagues)

🔸 a person you work with → đồng nghiệp

employer (n /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/) (The shoe factory is the largest employer in this area)

🔸 a person or company that pays people to work → người tuyển dụng

parent (n /ˈpeərənt/) (Parents are responsible for their children)

🔸 a person’s mother or father → phụ huynh

sibling (n /ˈsɪblɪŋ/) (I have two siblings: an older sister and a younger brother)

🔸 a brother or sister → anh chị em ruột

spouse (n /spaʊs/) (Each spouse is responsible for filing taxes)

🔸 a husband or wife → vợ hoặc chồng

autonomous (adj /ɔːˈtɒnəməs/) (They want to be autonomous in their decisions)

🔸 able to make decisions without being controlled by anyone else → tự chủ

consistent (adj /kənˈsɪstənt/) (She is a consistent worker)

🔸 always behaving in the same way → kiên định

conventional (adj /kənˈvenʃənl/) (This is a conventional way of teaching)

🔸 following what is traditional or accepted → theo lối truyền thống

co-operative (adj /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/) (The students were surprisingly co-operative)

🔸 willing to help or do what people ask → hợp tác

efficient (adj /ɪˈfɪʃnt/) (We need more efficient workers)

🔸 doing something in a well-organized way with no waste of time → hiệu quả

flexible (adj /ˈfleksəbl/) (You need to be flexible in this job)

🔸 able to change easily → linh hoạt

idealistic (adj /ˌaɪdɪəˈlɪstɪk/) (She is too idealistic about relationships)

🔸 believing that perfection is possible → duy tâm

tolerant (adj /ˈtɒlərənt/) (He’s tolerant of other people’s opinions)

🔸 willing to accept other views or behaviors → khoan dung

vulnerable (adj /ˈvʌlnərəbl/) (Children are the most vulnerable members of society)

🔸 easily hurt or harmed → dễ bị tổn thương

in return for (prep phrase) (They gave him money in return for his services.)

🔸 as an exchange for something → để đáp lại

rivalry (n /ˈraɪvəlri/) (There’s fierce rivalry between the two teams.)

🔸 competition between people or groups → sự cạnh tranh

inheritance (n /ɪnˈherɪtəns/) (She received a large inheritance from her uncle.)

🔸 money or property left to someone after death → tài sản thừa kế

liberal (adj /ˈlɪbərəl/) (She has liberal views on education.)

🔸 open to new ideas and not strict about traditions → tự do

contented (adj /kənˈtentɪd/) (He felt contented with his life.)

🔸 feeling happy and satisfied → hài lòng

workforce (n /ˈwɜːkfɔːs/) (The company has a skilled workforce.)

🔸 all the people who work for a company or country → lực lượng lao động

use of labour (n phrase) (Efficient use of labour is crucial in factories.)

🔸 how human work is applied in production → việc sử dụng lao động

compound (v /kəmˈpaʊnd/) (Lack of sleep compounded her stress.)

🔸 to make something worse by adding to it → làm trầm trọng thêm

over-simplistic (adj /ˌəʊvəˌsɪmˈplɪstɪk/) (That’s an over-simplistic view of the problem.)

🔸 too simple

family dynamics (n phrase) (Therapists often explore family dynamics.)

🔸 the patterns of interaction in a family → tương tác trong gia đình

trait (noun) (Kindness is a good trait in a person)

🔸a quality or characteristic of someone → nét tính cách

rebellious (adj) (He had a rebellious attitude when he was a teenager)

🔸refusing to follow rules or authority → nổi loạn

agreeable (adj) (She has an agreeable personality)

🔸pleasant and easy to get along with → dễ chịu

stereotype (n) /ˈster.i.ə.taɪp/ (That’s just a stereotype about teenagers)

🔸a fixed and often unfair idea about a group → khuôn mẫu rập khuôn (thường phiến diện)

unduly (adv) /ʌnˈdʒuː.li/ (She was unduly worried about the test)

🔸too much; more than necessary → quá mức

psychotherapist (n) /ˌsaɪ.kəʊˈθer.ə.pɪst/ (He’s seeing a psychotherapist for anxiety)

🔸a person trained to treat mental and emotional problems → nhà trị liệu tâm lý

conscientious (adj) /ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs/ (She’s a conscientious student who always does her homework)

🔸careful and responsible → tận tâm

achievement-oriented (adj) /əˈtʃiːv.mənt ˈɔː.ri.en.tɪd/ (He’s very achievement-oriented and always sets high goals)

🔸focused on success and reaching goals → hướng đến thành tích

personality traits (n) /ˌpɜː.sənˈæl.ə.ti treɪts/ (Kindness and honesty are positive personality traits)

🔸qualities that form someone’s character → nét tính cách

seek out (phr.v) /siːk aʊt/ (She seeks out new challenges)

🔸look for something with effort → tìm kiếm (một cách chủ động)

cast doubt on (phrase) /kɑːst daʊt ɒn/ (The study casts doubt on his theory)

🔸make people feel uncertain about something → đặt nghi ngờ về

validity (n) /vəˈlɪd.ə.ti/ (The validity of the test is being questioned)

🔸how true or accurate something is → tính hợp lý / tính chính xác

flawed (adj) /flɔːd/ (His argument is flawed and weak)

🔸having mistakes or problems → Không chính xác

methodology (n) /ˌmeθ.əˈdɒl.ə.dʒi/ (The study uses a new research methodology)

🔸a system of methods used in a study or activity → phương pháp nghiên cứu

adequately (adv) /ˈæd.ə.kwət.li/ (The issue wasn’t adequately explained)

🔸well enough

intuitively (adv) /ɪnˈtʃuː.ɪ.tɪv.li/ (She intuitively knew something was wrong)

🔸based on feelings rather than facts → theo trực giác