Thẻ ghi nhớ: section 4: major legal systems( các hệ thống pháp luật chính | Quizlet

3 hệ thống luật phổ biến

civil law system, common law system, mixed/hybrid systems( hệ thống luật hỗn hợp)

Origin of Civil Law System

Ancient Roman Law( luật la mã cổ đại)

Scope of Civil Law System( phạm vi)

Predominant in continental Europe, Latin American countries, parts of Africa, and most of Asia (including Vietnam).

Core Characteristics of Civil Law System

Primary Source of Law: Legislation and Codes

(statute law)

Role of Courts: interpret the written law to apply it to specific situations.

Precedent (Case Law): Previous court decisions do not have binding value

judicial Procedure:

Less discretionary power for judges.( thẩm phán ít quyền hơn)

Primarily an inquisitorial system(thẩm vấn), where the judge actively investigates(điều tra) the case.

originate of Common Law System

originated in England and was spread through the British Empire.

Scope of common law system

Prevalent in the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland), the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Commonwealth countries.

Core Characteristics of common law system

Primary Source of Law: Case Law/Precedent

Role of Courts :not only interpret the law but also create new law

Binding Principle:lower courts must follow the legal decisions of superior courts.

Judicial Procedure:

Adversarial system( tranh tụng)

Mixed/Hybrid Systems

Nhiều quốc gia kết hợp các yếu tố của cả Luật Dân sự và Luật Thông luật (ví dụ: Scotland, Israel, Philippines, Nam Phi, Guyana, Quebec - Canada)