Lexical semantics 1 lecture HT22

Lexical semantics

The study of word meaning and relations between words.

Lexeme

An abstract lexical unit.

Collocation

A group of words that tend to occur together repeatedly.

Idiom

A frozen combination of words where the individual words have lost their independent meanings.

Synonymy

The relation between words with very similar senses.

Antonymy

The relation of opposition between words with opposite meanings.

Hyponymy

A hierarchical relation between a general word and a more specific word of the same kind.

Meronymy

A part-whole relation between words.

Polysemy

Refers to multiple meanings within a lexeme.

Homonymy

Refers to relations in form between separate lexemes.

Homophony

Refers to words that sound the same but have different meanings.

Homography

Refers to words that are spelled the same but have different meanings.

Metaphor

Figurative meanings extended from the literal sense of a lexeme.

Metonymy

Figurative meanings extended from the literal sense of a lexeme.

Linguistics

The scientific study of human language.

Phonetics

The study of sounds in human language.

Syntax

The study of clauses and their parts in human language.

Polysemy

A term used to describe a word that has multiple distinct but related meanings.

Homonymy

A term used to describe separate words that have the same sound and spelling but different meanings.

Homophony

A term used to describe separate words that have the same sound but different spelling and meaning.

Homography

A term used to describe separate words that have the same spelling but different pronunciation and meaning.

Metaphor

A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used to describe something by comparing it to something else.

Metonymy

A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used to represent something closely associated with it.

Lexical semantics

The study of word meaning and the relationships between words.