Motor Behavior Exam #1b

Hypothesis Testing Steps

1. Research testing

2. Hypothesis

3. Establish level of significance (0.05)

4. Select appropriate test: t-test

5. Collect and analyze the data

6. Make a decision

Three factors of skilled performance

Classifications of skills

Three stages of information processing

Stimulus identification, response selection, movement programming

Reaction time

Time between stimulus and when movement begins (performance measure indicating the speed and effectiveness of decision making

Movement time

Organizing motor system to make desired movement

Response time

Which response to select (transition process between sensory input and movement program)

5 things that affect reaction time

Number of stimulus, response compatibility, population stereotypes, practice, and anticipation

Number of stimulus

Hicks law: number of possible stimulus-response alternative increases, there is an increase in time required to respond to any one of them

Response compatibility

The extent to which stimulus and the response it evokes are connected in a natural way

Population stereotypes

Association of stimulus and response is likely learned here—act habitually die to specific cultural learning

Practice

Positive influence choice reaction time

Anticipation

Cope with long reaction time delays, performer can organize movements in advance (spatial and temporal)

Three types of memory system

Short term sensory store, short term memory, long term memory

What is attention

Resource available and can be used for various purposes

Parallel processing

Some sensory information can be processed in parallel and without much interference that is, without attention

Strop effect

Process two stimuli in parallel they race to enter the single centra processor

Cocktail party effect

Irrelevant things processed in parallel with the attended information

Inattention blindness

Dismiss stimulus—miss seemingly obvious features

What happens to attention as time elapses

It becomes progressively harder

Psychological refractory period

Period where no other action can be programmed

Limitations to attention

Motivation, arousal, fatigue, environmental factors

Processing stages

Automatic (fast) and controlled (slow)

Internal focus of attention

Attending to think about how the body is doing the action (feeling your core tighten)

External focus of attention

Attending to the intended target (paying attention to the barbell)

Results from 3 studies presented in chapter 3

Inverted U-principe—What levels of arousal provide best results

Relationship between arousal and performance (increasing arousal level enhances performance, but only to a point)

What happens when arousal is to high

Surviving mechanism; fewer stimuli detected, misses relevant information, reaction time slows

How do you manage high arousal

Relaxation techniques, process goals, set realistic goals, change direction of attention